ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026
The metabolic score for visceral fat and risk of peripheral arterial disease in hypertension patients: a prospective cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: The Metabolic Score for Visceral Fat (METS - VF), a novel metric for evaluating visceral adipose tissue, has been demonstrated to exhibit a significant correlation with an elevated cardiovascular risk. Nevertheless, its relationship with peripheral artery disease (PAD) remains ambiguous. Consequently, the present study aimed to explore the association between METS-VF and PAD. Methods and results: This prospective study was based on a Chinese H-type hypertension cohort, comprising 6,452 patients. The association between METS-VF and PAD was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and the method of restricted cubic splines (RCS). During an median follow-up time of 3.9 years, 266 PAD events occurred. The mean age of all participants was 63.20 ± 8.38 years. In the fully adjusted model, each 1-unit increase of METS-VF raised the risk of PAD by 21.0% (HR = 1.21, 95%CI: 1.07, 1.37). There was a saturation effect of METS-VF with an inflection point of 8.63 on PAD. For METS-VF < 8.63, each unit increase was associated with a 69.0% higher risk of PAD (HR=1.69, 95%CI: 1.32-2.16), while for METS-VF ≥8.63, there was no significant association between them (HR=0.93, 95%CI: 0.73-1.19) (P for log-likelihood ratio test= 0.002). Subgroup analysis further showed a significant interaction between METS-VF and current smoking status (P for interaction<0.05), with a stronger association observed in non-smokers. Conclusion: METS-VF exhibited a saturation effect on PAD in hypertensive adults in China. Increased METS-VF was positively associated with a higher risk of PAD among hypertensive adults with METS-VF < 8.63, and this association was more pronounced in non-smokers.
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