ArticleJournal of translational internal medicine2026
Association between free fatty acids and adverse outcomes in patients with and without diabetes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
Article in Journal of translational internal medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to explore the correlation between free fatty acid (FFA) levels and adverse outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with or without diabetes mellitus. Methods: In total, 10,230 patients treated with PCI were included in this study and divided into three equal groups according to FFA levels (FFA-L, FFA-M, and FFA-H groups). Subsequently, the patients were further stratified based on their diabetes status. A 5-year follow-up was conducted, with the primary endpoint defined as major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). Results: During follow-up, 2108 (20.6%) patients experienced MACCE. In patients without diabetes, no significant difference was observed in the risk of MACCE among the different FFA groups. However, in patients with diabetes, the risk of MACCE was significantly higher in the FFA-L and FFA-H groups than in the FFA-M group [adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 1.238, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.054-1.454, Conclusions: In patients with diabetes undergoing PCI, both elevated and decreased FFA levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of MACCE. Monitoring FFA levels is essential to help identify those at high risk.
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