Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41728094›Full record

ArticleAdvanced intelligent systems (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2026

A Mini-Patch Magnetic Insulin Pump for Enhanced Delivery Resolution and Accuracy.

Qiji Ze, Shuhao Huang, Yilong Chang, Jize Dai, Rayhan A Lal, Ruike Renee Zhao

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced intelligent systems (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Qiji ZeDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Shuhao HuangDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Yilong ChangDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Jize DaiDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Rayhan A LalDepartments of Medicine & Pediatrics, Divisions of Endocrinology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Ruike Renee ZhaoDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Funding

Stanford Islet Research CoreP30DK116074 · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$2.0M
NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK122017NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK116074
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Insulin pumps typically use piston-based mechanisms with bulky transmission components to convert rotary motion into the piston's forward motion. These mechanical transmission systems and insulin reservoirs occupy more than one-third of pumps' volume, significantly limiting miniaturization and making pumps cumbersome for daily use. Herein, a compact, magnetically actuated insulin pump is developed that is less than one-quarter the size of piston-based pumps. Instead of bulky mechanical components, the pump uses a magnetic soft actuator to directly compress the insulin chamber, controlled by a precisely tuned electromagnetic field. This innovative design eliminates the need for large transmission systems, enabling a notably smaller form factor. In addition, the fine-tunable magnetic actuation enables a 0.01 μL delivery resolution, significantly surpassing the 0.25 μL resolution of piston-based pumps. This high-resolution mechanism facilitates further miniaturization by allowing the use of high-concentration insulins, thereby reducing the reservoir size. By varying the magnetic field's waveform, amplitude, and duration, the pump's performance can be further enhanced. The reported magnetic insulin pump exhibits superior repeatability and accuracy across single-pulse, basal, and bolus modes compared to commercial insulin pumps. This miniaturized, high-resolution magnetic insulin pump is anticipated to substantially benefit people with diabetes by improving portability, precision, and cost efficiency.

Indexed as

continuous subcutaneous insulin infusiondrug deliveryinsulin administrationinsulin pumpmagnetic actuation

Identifiers

PMID41728094
PMCPMC12922623

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.