Evidence mapPaperPMID 41728213Full record

ReviewJournal of the Endocrine Society2026

Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels Across Phenotypes in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Patrícia Jorge Schwenck-Carvalho, Giovana De Nardo Maffazioli, Ricardo Santos Simões, Renata Ferri Macchione, Sebastião Freitas de Medeiros, José Maria Soares Júnior, Edmund Chada Baracat, Gustavo Arantes Rosa Maciel

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of the Endocrine Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Patrícia Jorge Schwenck-CarvalhoDiscipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2546-9908
Giovana De Nardo MaffazioliDiscipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9044-2125
Ricardo Santos SimõesDiscipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5916-0015
Renata Ferri MacchioneDiscipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9712-0572
Sebastião Freitas de MedeirosDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical School, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiaba, MT 78055-728, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1292-2515
José Maria Soares JúniorDiscipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0774-9404
Edmund Chada BaracatDiscipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0111-9030
Gustavo Arantes Rosa MacielDiscipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9097-8528

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Context: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations are frequently elevated in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, clinical application is limited by the absence of a standardized cutoff, lack of assay harmonization, and variability across PCOS phenotypes. Objective: To compare AMH levels across the 4 PCOS phenotypes (A, B, C, D) defined by the Rotterdam criteria. Data sources: PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science were searched for studies published between January 2009 and July 2024. Reference lists of included studies were also screened. Study selection: Eligible studies included women with PCOS diagnosed by Rotterdam criteria and reported AMH levels by phenotype. Of 684 citations, 49 studies (15 535 participants) met inclusion criteria. Data extraction: Two reviewers independently extracted study characteristics, AMH values, assay type, age, and body mass index (BMI). AMH levels were converted to Beckman Coulter Gen II units. Risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-E. Data synthesis: Random-effects meta-analyses showed highest AMH levels in phenotype A (11.49 ng/mL; standardized mean difference 3.06), followed by D (8.97), C (7.98), and B (6.25; standardized mean difference 1.36). Age and BMI were comparable. Heterogeneity was high ( Conclusion: AMH levels differ markedly across PCOS phenotypes, with polycystic ovarian morphology exerting the greatest influence, followed by oligoanovulation and hyperandrogenism. Findings support the use of AMH in phenotype differentiation and emphasize the need for assay standardization and population-specific interpretation.

Indexed as

anti-Müllerian hormonehyperandrogenismmeta-analysisoligo-anovulationpolycystic ovarian morphologypolycystic ovary syndrome

Identifiers

PMID41728213
PMCPMC12917320

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.