Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41732777›Full record

ArticleOphthalmology science2026

Optically Induced Peripheral Contrast Reduction Restores ON/OFF Pathway Balance in Myopic Eyes.

Zhiqiang Ye, Yifan Luo, Muhan Zhong, Zaifeng Cui, Huayu Zhang, Xindan Chang, Xue Li, Yingying Huang, Hao Chen, Jinhua Bao

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Ophthalmology science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Zhiqiang YeNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Yifan LuoNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Muhan ZhongNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Zaifeng CuiNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Huayu ZhangNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Xindan ChangNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Xue LiNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Yingying HuangNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Hao ChenNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Jinhua BaoNational Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate ON/OFF pathway responses and the impact of contrast reduction in myopes and emmetropes. Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Subjects: Thirty-eight young adult participants aged 20 to 29 years were included. Their spherical equivalent refraction ranged from +0.75 to -5.75 diopters (D). Methods: All participants (20 myopes, 18 emmetropes) underwent multifocal electroretinogram recording after 90 minutes of exposure to monocular diffuse (contrast reduction) conditions. The 5 experimental conditions were assessed in random order on separate days for each participant: control (no diffuse), slight peripheral diffuse (0.8 Bangerter foil, 5 mm clear center), medium peripheral diffuse (MPD) (0.4 Bangerter foil, 9 mm clear center), MPD (0.4 Bangerter foil, 5 mm clear center), and medium full-field diffuse (0.4 Bangerter foil). Main Outcome Measures: P1- and P2-wave amplitudes, as well as the P2/P1 amplitude ratio at varying retinal eccentricities were analyzed. Results: Compared with those of emmetropic eyes, both P1- and P2-wave amplitudes were significantly lower in myopic eyes (P1-wave: 8.25 ± 1.42 vs 10.29 ± deg/deg Conclusions: Peripheral contrast reduction significantly strengthened OFF-pathway responses, contributing to the restoration of ON/OFF pathway balance in myopic eyes. Financial Disclosures: The author has no/the authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.

Indexed as

Contrast reductionMultifocal electroretinogramMyopiaON/OFF-Response

Identifiers

PMID41732777
PMCPMC12925161

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.