Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41734654›Full record

ArticleBiomaterials2026

Engineered muscle drives bone repair and functional healing after composite musculoskeletal injury.

Cynthia A Alcazar-Daleo, Krista M Habing, Austin W Ricci, Grace E Privett, Damien M Callahan, Julia Andraca Harrer, Victoria R Duke, Nick J Willett, Zachary M Working, Yong How Tan and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biomaterials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Cynthia A Alcazar-DaleoDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
Krista M HabingDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
Austin W RicciDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA; Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, 1525 University St, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA.
Grace E PrivettDepartment of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, 1525 University St, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA.
Damien M CallahanDepartment of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, 1525 University St, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA.
Julia Andraca HarrerDepartment of Bioengineering, Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Blvd #131, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA.
Victoria R DukeDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
Nick J WillettDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, 1505 Franklin Blvd #131, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA; Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 S Bond Ave Building 1 12th Floor, Portland, OR, 97239, USA; The Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
Zachary M WorkingDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA; Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 S Bond Ave Building 1 12th Floor, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
Yong How TanDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
Joshua C VanderpoolDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
Julissa Ortiz-DelatorreDepartment of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, 1525 University St, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA.
Anthony TahayeriDepartment of Oral Rehabilitation and Biosciences, Oregon Health & Science University, 2730 S Moody Ave, Portland, OR, 97201, USA.
Luiz E BertassoniDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA; Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Biosciences, Oregon Health & Science University, 2730 S Moody Ave, Portland, OR, 97201, USA; Knight Cancer Precision Biofabrication Hub, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 1130 NW 22nd Ave #150, Portland, OR, 97210, USA; Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3485 S Bond Ave Building 2, Portland, OR, 97239, USA; Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, 3485 S Bond Ave Building 2, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
Karina H NakayamaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA; Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Oregon Health & Science University, 3303 S Bond Ave Building 1 12th Floor, Portland, OR, 97239, USA. Electronic address: nakayaka@ohsu.edu.

Funding

Regenerative engineering for complex extremity traumaR01AR080150 · NIAMS · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · 2024 to 2025
$1.0M
NRSA Training CoreTL1TR002371 · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$697k
NCATS NIH HHS TL1 TR002371NHLBI NIH HHS R00 HL136701NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR080150
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Composite lower extremity injuries, characterized by open bone fractures with soft tissue damage, frequently result in delayed or failed fracture union, chronic pain and long-term disability. Standard clinical care overlooks the muscle as a critical driver of composite tissue healing, and current regenerative approaches fail to fully restore physical function. This study explores a muscle-driven approach to promote coordinated regeneration across both muscle and bone tissue. An engineered muscle (EM) composed of cell-laden nanofibrillar patterned scaffolds, was transplanted into the injured muscle in a mouse model of composite injury. EM constructs of either primary myoblasts or differentiated myotubes significantly improved healing outcomes and functional recovery compared to untreated controls. Myoblast-EM treatment led to accelerated tibial union, increased early bone mineral density, and faster restoration of symmetrical limb loading, along with enhanced single muscle fiber contractile power and velocity. Myotube-EM treatment yielded complimentary gains, including increased muscle cross-sectional area and whole-muscle force production. Importantly, all EM-treated animals exhibited higher survival rates and reduced limb morbidity. Notably, the superior functional outcomes observed with Myoblast EMs may be attributed to greater engraftment and in vivo differentiation of transplanted myogenic cells into mature myofibers. These findings introduce a paradigm-shifting regenerative strategy in which targeted muscle therapy drives systemic musculoskeletal repair, challenging conventional compartmentalized treatment models.

Indexed as

Bone RegenerationMuscle, SkeletalTissue EngineeringWound HealingAnimalsCell DifferentiationMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMuscle Fibers, SkeletalMyoblastsTissue ScaffoldsEngineered muscleFunctional restorationMusculoskeletal injury and regenerationNanofibrillar scaffolds

Identifiers

PMID41734654
PMCPMC13102398

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.