Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41735525›Full record

ArticleProstate cancer and prostatic diseases2026

Survival trend in metastatic prostate cancer two decades of real-world data on overall survival from Germany.

Marcus Sondermann, Anton Stehr, Christopher Hirtsiefer, Viktoria Menzel, Nina Buttmann-Schweiger, Paul Wilhelm Flemming, Klaus Kraywinkel, Christian Thomas, Katharina Boehm

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Marcus SondermannUniversitätsklinikum Carl-Gustav-Carus Dresden, Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. marcus.sondermann@uniklinikum-dresden.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4629-0707
Anton StehrUniversitätsklinikum Carl-Gustav-Carus Dresden, Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Christopher HirtsieferUniversitätsklinikum Carl-Gustav-Carus Dresden, Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Viktoria MenzelUniversitätsklinikum Carl-Gustav-Carus Dresden, Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Nina Buttmann-SchweigerDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, German Centre for Cancer Registry Data (ZfKD), Berlin, Germany.
Paul Wilhelm FlemmingUniversitätsklinikum Carl-Gustav-Carus Dresden, Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Klaus KraywinkelDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, German Centre for Cancer Registry Data (ZfKD), Berlin, Germany.
Christian ThomasUniversitätsklinikum Carl-Gustav-Carus Dresden, Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Katharina BoehmUniversitätsklinikum Carl-Gustav-Carus Dresden, Department of Urology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe management of metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) has undergone revolutionary changes over the past two decades with the introduction of novel hormonal agents, chemotherapy combinations, PARP inhibitors, and radioligand therapies. This study evaluates the real-world impact of these therapeutic advances on overall survival (OS) in Germany.

methodsWe analyzed data from the German national cancer registry covering 657,499 prostate cancer cases diagnosed between 1999 and 2021. After exclusions, 54,890 patients with de novo metastatic disease (M1) were included. Primary outcome was median OS. Secondary outcomes included 3-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates. Time series analysis assessed temporal trends using augmented Dickey-Fuller tests and joinpoint regression.

resultsMedian OS for M1 patients improved from 31.0 months (95% CI: 29.8-32.2) in 1999 to 37.0 months (35.6-38.4) in 2019 (p < 0.001). This 19.4% improvement exceeded general life expectancy gains. Age-stratified analysis revealed disparate benefits: patients < 70 years experienced improvement from 34.0 to 49.0 months ( + 44.1%), while those ≥ 70 years showed minimal change (28.0 to 29.0 months, +3.6%). Three-year survival increased from 45.1% to 50.9% (p = 0.004), with younger patients achieving 61.3% versus 44.0% for older patients by 2019. Multivariate Cox regression confirmed diagnosis year as an independent predictor (HR 0.96, 95% CI: 0.96-0.97, p < 0.001).

conclusionsReal-world data confirm meaningful survival improvements in metastatic prostate cancer over two decades, validating the translation of clinical trial efficacy into routine practice. However, the pronounced age-related disparity suggests potential undertreatment of elderly patients and highlights the need for age-adapted treatment strategies.

Indexed as

Prostatic NeoplasmsAgedAged, 80 and overGermanyHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm MetastasisRegistriesSurvival Rate

Identifiers

PMID41735525
PMCPMC13623643

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.