ReviewJournal of nanobiotechnology2026
Extracellular vesicles derived from Citrus plants: innovative applications in therapeutics and drug delivery.
Review in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mechanisms and Translational Potential of Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular Disease.Cells · 2026Review
- Engineering Extracellular Vesicles for Tumor Targeted Therapy: Source Optimization, Modification, and Clinical Application.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Plant-derived extracellular vesicles as emerging biotherapeutic agents and delivery vehicles for rheumatoid arthritis: evidence from preclinical models.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Citrus-derived extracellular vesicles (Citrus-EVs) have attracted increasing interest as naturally occurring nanovesicles that possess intrinsic bioactivity and hold promise for drug delivery applications. Sourced from edible Citrus plants, these vesicles exhibit a lipid bilayer structure enriched with plant-specific proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and secondary metabolites, which confer high biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and favorable stability in physiological environments. This review summarizes recent progress in the isolation, purification, and characterization of Citrus-EVs, highlighting methodological approaches and current technical limitations. We also outline their demonstrated biological functions, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and gut microbiota-modulating activities, and discuss their emerging utility as versatile drug carrier platforms. In addition, we evaluate major strategies for cargo loading and delivery, along with representative applications in the therapeutic administration of small-molecule drugs, nucleic acids, and proteins. Finally, key challenges related to standardization, mechanistic insight, and clinical translation are presented, together with prospects for future research. Overall, this review aims to clarify the current landscape and translational potential of Citrus-EVs as natural nanodelivery systems for therapeutic applications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.