ReviewiScience2026
Metformin in gastrointestinal cancers and inflammatory bowel disease: Unraveling its mechanisms and therapeutic applications.
Review in iScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gastrointestinal diseases have become a global health concern with high incidence and prevalence. Considering that a great many patients with gastrointestinal cancers still suffer from tumor recurrence or distant metastasis even after surgical intervention or neoadjuvant chemotherapy, it is urgently needed to identify new therapeutic drugs. Metformin, originally derived from natural herbs, has been found to be beneficial for many diseases, including not only type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, liver and kidney disease, and age-related diseases but also different types of cancers. Herein, we comprehensively review the roles and the underlying mechanisms of metformin in gastrointestinal cancers including colorectal, esophageal, and gastric cancers and also inflammatory bowel disease. By integrating the latest research findings, we systematically elaborate on how metformin exerts therapeutic effects on gastrointestinal diseases through the AMPK/mTOR pathway and the effects of combination therapies. This review may offer novel insights for developing therapeutic strategies against gastrointestinal malignancies and related diseases.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.