Evidence mapPaperPMID 41736859Full record

ReviewiScience2026

Metformin in gastrointestinal cancers and inflammatory bowel disease: Unraveling its mechanisms and therapeutic applications.

Yanxi Li, Xingqi Guo, Xinxin Dong, Tong Xia, Siping Ma, Zhexian Liu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in iScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yanxi LiDepartment of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning, China.
Xingqi GuoDepartment of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning, China.
Xinxin DongDepartment of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning, China.
Tong XiaDepartment of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning, China.
Siping MaDepartment of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning, China.
Zhexian LiuDepartment of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gastrointestinal diseases have become a global health concern with high incidence and prevalence. Considering that a great many patients with gastrointestinal cancers still suffer from tumor recurrence or distant metastasis even after surgical intervention or neoadjuvant chemotherapy, it is urgently needed to identify new therapeutic drugs. Metformin, originally derived from natural herbs, has been found to be beneficial for many diseases, including not only type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, liver and kidney disease, and age-related diseases but also different types of cancers. Herein, we comprehensively review the roles and the underlying mechanisms of metformin in gastrointestinal cancers including colorectal, esophageal, and gastric cancers and also inflammatory bowel disease. By integrating the latest research findings, we systematically elaborate on how metformin exerts therapeutic effects on gastrointestinal diseases through the AMPK/mTOR pathway and the effects of combination therapies. This review may offer novel insights for developing therapeutic strategies against gastrointestinal malignancies and related diseases.

Indexed as

cancerhuman metabolismtherapeutics

Identifiers

PMID41736859
PMCPMC12927091

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.