Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41737426›Full record

ArticleHealth science reports2026

The Impact of COVID-19 on Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases: A Narrative Review of Long-Term Consequences and Vaccination Strategies.

Behnam Dalfardi, Hamidreza Abtahi, Maryam Edalatifard, Sedigheh Mozaffari, Besharat Rahimi, Ghazal Roostaei, Niloofar Khoshnam Rad

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health science reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Behnam DalfardiClinical Research Development Unit, Afzalipour Hospital Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran.
Hamidreza AbtahiThoracic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.
Maryam EdalatifardThoracic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.
Sedigheh MozaffariThoracic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.
Besharat RahimiThoracic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.
Ghazal RoostaeiRasool Akram Hospital Clinical Research Development Center, School of Medicine, Rasool Akram Medical Complex Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.
Niloofar Khoshnam RadThoracic Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6700-3570

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and Aims: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant challenges for individuals with obstructive pulmonary diseases (OPDs), such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Emerging evidence highlights the complex interplay between SARS-CoV-2 infection and OPDs, including increased risks of severe disease, long-term sequelae, and potential new-onset respiratory conditions. This narrative review synthesizes current knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical outcomes, and management strategies for COVID-19 in OPD patients, with a focus on long-term consequences and vaccination efficacy. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Scopus (January 2020-June 2025). Inclusion criteria encompassed original studies, reviews, and meta-analyses examining COVID-19's impact on asthma or COPD, while non-English publications, animal studies, and case reports were excluded. Data were extracted and thematically synthesized to address acute outcomes, long COVID, vaccination, and therapeutic considerations. Results: Risk and Severity: COPD patients faced higher risks of severe COVID-19 (hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality), while asthma phenotypes influenced outcomes (eosinophilic asthma conferred milder disease).Long COVID: Persistent respiratory symptoms (dyspnea and cough), fatigue, and cognitive dysfunction were prevalent in OPD patients, with new-onset asthma reported post-infection.Vaccination: mRNA vaccines significantly reduced severe outcomes in OPDs, though biologic therapies in asthma may attenuate immune responses.Treatment: Antivirals (e.g., nirmatrelvir-ritonavir) and corticosteroids were effective, but drug interactions (e.g., CYP3A4 inhibitors) required careful management. Conclusion: COVID-19 exacerbates OPD-related morbidity, underscoring the need for tailored prevention (vaccination and early diagnosis) and multidisciplinary management. Future research should prioritize phenotype-specific therapeutic strategies and long-term surveillance to mitigate post-COVID sequelae in this vulnerable population.

Indexed as

asthmaCOPDCOVID‐19long COVIDobstructive pulmonary diseasesvaccination

Identifiers

PMID41737426
PMCPMC12927929

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.