Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41737535›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in cellular neuroscience2026

Distinct cytokine-producing dendritic cell profiles in females and males with major depressive disorder.

Anna-Lena Boller, Jana Freff, Maximilian Bast, Kathrin Schwarte, Udo Dannlowski, Bernhard T Baune, Stefanie Scheu, Judith Alferink

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Anna-Lena BollerDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Jana FreffDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Maximilian BastDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Kathrin SchwarteDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Udo DannlowskiInstitute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Bernhard T BauneDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Stefanie ScheuInstitute of Immunology, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
Judith AlferinkDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a revalent and disabling condition increasingly associated with immune dysregulation. Dendritic cells (DCs) are key immune sentinels that shape inflammatory responses and T-cell polarization, including Th17 pathways implicated in depression-related mild inflammation. Given well-documented sex differences in immune responses and cytokine profiles in MDD, differential DC activation may represent a mechanistic link between sex-associated immune cell profiles in depression. However, DCs remain insufficiently characterized in MDD. Methods: We performed an exploratory study using flow cytometry-based immunophenotyping to assess circulating DC subsets, including CD1c Results: Stratification by HAM-D17 scores revealed reduced counts of pDCs and increased frequencies of CD11c Discussion: These findings demonstrate sex-specific alterations in cytokine-producing DCs in MDD and a strong association between IL-23

Indexed as

cytokinesdendritic cellsfemaleIL-23immune systeminflammationmajor depressive disordermale

Identifiers

PMID41737535
PMCPMC12926495

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.