Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41739345›Full record

ArticleDiscover nano2026

Advanced fluorescence biosensor utilizing nitrogen/oxygen-doped carbon quantum dots in a modified carboxy cellulose matrix for quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.

Sarah Alharthi, Maryam Alotaibi, Ali Kh Khalil, A H Hefny, Tarek A Amin, Ekram H Mohamed, Hisham G Afify, Maha Gomaa, Omar Alfarouk, Mohamed S Mohy-Eldin and 9 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Discover nano, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Sarah AlharthiDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Maryam AlotaibiChemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Ali Kh KhalilChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
A H HefnyChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
Tarek A AminChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
Ekram H MohamedPharmaceutical Chemistry department, The British University in Egypt, El Sherouk City, Cairo, 11378, Egypt.
Hisham G AfifyChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
Maha GomaaChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
Omar AlfaroukMicrobiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
Mohamed S Mohy-EldinPolymer Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt.
Maymounah A AlrayyaniChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, B.O. Box 80203, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmed O YoussefChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
Youssef M HassanDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
Shereen S MaghrabyChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
Nourhan M AliChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
Nour Eddine M GhoneimyChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
Esraa ElshahatClinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Sham University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
Mona N Abou-OmarDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt.
Mohamed S AttiaChemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia. mgaber@imamu.edu.sa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The persistent need for fast and sensitive point-of-care (POC) diagnostics for SARS-CoV-2 requires alternatives to time-consuming RT-PCR. To address this challenge, we designed and fabricated a novel fluorescence biosensor based on nitrogen/oxygen-doped carbon quantum dots embedded in an epichlorohydrin-modified carboxymethyl cellulose thin film. This robust and easily synthesized platform enabled the immobilization of spike protein-specific monoclonal antibodies, facilitating detection via fluorescence quenching and recovery at Ex/Em 320 nm/440 nm. The biosensor was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy, confirming successful doping, nanoscale morphology, and stable optical properties. The biosensor achieved a remarkably low limit of detection of 0.0323 pg/mL across a wide dynamic range of 3.1-700 pg/mL. When validated with clinical nasal swab samples, it demonstrated high analytical performance, with a sensitivity of 95.13% and specificity of 93.1%, along with excellent reproducibility and room-temperature stability. This rapid, cost-effective fluorescence biosensor represents a significant advancement for POC SARS-CoV-2 testing, offering a practical solution for clinical and decentralized diagnosis, especially in resource-limited settings.

Indexed as

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs)Fluorescence quenchingFluorescent biosensorPoint of careRapid diagnosticsSARS-CoV-2 detection

Identifiers

PMID41739345
PMCPMC12936299

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.