ArticleDrug delivery and translational research2026
Transdermal patches loaded with etoricoxib nanocrystals as a remedy and prophylactic approach against progression of knee osteoarthritis.
Article in Drug delivery and translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a heterogeneous and multifactorial disorder that affects the entire joint organ. It is a major global public health concern, impacting more than 500 million individuals worldwide. The onset and progression of OA are driven by a complex interplay of factors and modifiable risks such as obesity and joint injury. Consequently, OA imposes a substantial burden on patients' quality of life and on society, owing to increased healthcare expenditures and reduced work productivity. The purpose of this study is to assess the therapeutic efficacy of transdermal patches loaded with etoricoxib nanocrystals (ETX-NCs, previously prepared and evaluated) in the treatment and reduction of osteoarthritis exacerbation. ETX-NCs patches of various polymers were prepared using solvent evaporation technique. The prepared patches were evaluated for drug content, thickness, moisture uptake, folding endurance, in vitro drug release, and skin permeation properties. The prepared patches based on HPMC, CMC Na, and PVA demonstrated uniformity, flexibility, smooth surface morphology and high drug content, along with acceptable physicochemical properties. Among these, the CMC Na based nanocrystal patches exhibited the most prolonged drug release (73.76 ± 2.38%). HPMC and CMC Na based patches showed promising skin penetration of 79.64 ± 1.20 μg/cm
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