ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2026
Impact of maternal hypothyroidism on human milk macronutrient content and fatty acid composition: a prospective cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Association of maternal diet with human milk fatty acid and macronutrient composition: a Saudi cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Hypothyroidism can alter the serum lipid profile and the composition of human milk (HM) proteins involved in macronutrient metabolism. We investigated the association between maternal hypothyroidism and HM macronutrient content and fatty acid (FA) composition. Methods: In this prospective cohort study conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, HM samples from mothers with hypothyroidism ( Results: Forty-nine participants were recruited between December 12, 2023, and May 31, 2025. HM macronutrient content and total saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and trans FAs (TFAs) did not differ between groups. Among mothers with hypothyroidism, 10 individual FA species differed significantly (eight higher and two lower), characterized by higher industrial TFAs and selected long-chain omega-3 and omega-6 species. Mothers with hypothyroidism had higher levels of docosapentaenoic acid (0.079 ± 0.024% vs. 0.063 ± 0.024%) and elaidic acid (0.286% [0.233-0.439%] vs. 0.118% [0.028-0.220%]), but lower levels of tricosanoic acid (0.00% [0.00-0.00%] vs. 0.011% [0.00-0.022%]) (all Conclusion: Maternal hypothyroidism, even when treated with replacement therapy, was associated with altered HM FA composition. These changes may reflect thyroid hormone-related shifts in lipid metabolism, potentially influenced by maternal diet and adipose stores. Future longitudinal research is needed to investigate whether integrating thyroid-aware lactation support and targeted nutritional interventions can effectively modulate these effects and improve breastfeeding outcomes.
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