Evidence mapPaperPMID 41743152Full record

ArticleHealth science reports2026

Efficacy and Safety of Hirudotherapy for Improving Sperm Quality Parameters in Male Infertility: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Mozhde-Sadat Abtahi-Forooshani, Shahla Roozbehani, Mahnoosh Fatemi, Ali Noori

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Article in Health science reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mozhde-Sadat Abtahi-ForooshaniDepartment of Biology, Fal.C. Islamic Azad University Isfahan Iran.
Shahla RoozbehaniDepartment of Biology, Fal.C. Islamic Azad University Isfahan Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1516-0339
Mahnoosh FatemiDepartment of Biology, Fal.C. Islamic Azad University Isfahan Iran.
Ali NooriDepartment of Biology, Fal.C. Islamic Azad University Isfahan Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and Aims: Male infertility, often characterized by impaired sperm parameters, remains a significant clinical challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of hirudotherapy (medicinal leech therapy) in improving sperm quality parameters in men with idiopathic infertility. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 50 male volunteers aged 20-50 years were randomly assigned to either an experimental group receiving weekly leech therapy for 3 months ( Results: Compared to the control group, leech therapy significantly improved several sperm quality parameters. Sperm concentration increased from 57.7 ± 17.1 to 63.4 ± 13.1 million/mL ( Conclusion: This randomized controlled trial suggests that hirudotherapy may improve sperm quality parameters, including concentration, motility, morphology, and DNA integrity, in men with idiopathic infertility. These findings support further investigation of leech therapy as a complementary approach to male infertility management.

Indexed as

infertilityleech salivaleech therapysperm function

Identifiers

PMID41743152
PMCPMC12929192

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.