Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41746489›Full record

ArticleClinical and experimental nephrology2026

Association of anthropometric and biochemical-anthropometric obesity indices with chronic kidney disease in diabetes: a KNHANES-based study.

Eun Mi Yang, Jong Im Won, Sang Heon Suh, Hong Sang Choi, Chang Seong Kim, Eun Hui Bae, Seong Kwon Ma, Soo Wan Kim

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Article in Clinical and experimental nephrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Eun Mi YangDepartments of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9410-5855
Jong Im WonDepartment of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea.
Sang Heon SuhDepartments of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, 42 Jebongro, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea.
Hong Sang ChoiDepartments of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, 42 Jebongro, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea.
Chang Seong KimDepartments of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, 42 Jebongro, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea.
Eun Hui BaeDepartments of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, 42 Jebongro, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea.
Seong Kwon MaDepartments of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, 42 Jebongro, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea.
Soo Wan KimDepartments of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, 42 Jebongro, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea. skimw@chonnam.ac.kr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3540-9004

Funding

Chonnam National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute BCRI25060Chonnam National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute BCRI25061National Research Foundation of Korea RS-2023-00217317
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundObesity is a known risk factor for diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), yet the relationship between various obesity-related indices and CKD remains unclear. This study evaluated the associations between eight obesity indices with CKD and identified the most useful index among patients with DM.

methodsThis study used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2007 to 2018. A total of 5,067 participants aged ≥ 20 years with DM were included. The study evaluated four traditional anthropometric obesity indices (body mass index [BMI], waist-to-height ratio [WHtR], body roundness index [BRI], conicity index [CI]) and four biochemical-anthropometric indices, including two Asian-specific indices (lipid accumulation product [LAP], visceral adiposity index [VAI], Chinese visceral adiposity index [CVAI], and new visceral adiposity index [NVAI]).

resultsWHtR, BRI, CI, CVAI, and NVAI were higher in males with CKD, while only CI, CVAI, and NVAI were elevated in females. All eight indices were independently associated with CKD risk in males, whereas only the anthropometric-biochemical indices LAP, VAI, and CVAI were significantly associated with CKD in females. NVAI in males and CVAI in females exhibited the highest area under the curve values of 0.615 and 0.658, respectively.

conclusionsVarious obesity indices were associated with CKD in patients with DM, although the associations differed by sex. Asian-specific indices may be the most useful for reflecting CKD in patients with DM.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusObesityRenal Insufficiency, ChronicAdiposityAdultAgedAnthropometryBody Mass IndexCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysRepublic of KoreaRisk FactorsAnthropometric measurementChronic kidney diseaseDiabetes mellitusObesity-related indicesSex

Identifiers

PMID41746489
PMCPMC13090247

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.