ArticleEndocrinology, diabetes & metabolism2026
Long-Term Low-Dose of Nitrate Administration Improves Antioxidant Defence System in Insulin-Sensitive Tissues of Type 2 Diabetic Rats.
Article in Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionType 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterised by increased oxidative stress, which contributes to insulin resistance in insulin-sensitive tissues. The objective of this study was to determine the antioxidative effects of long-term nitrate administration in the liver, soleus muscle (SM) and epididymal adipose tissue (eAT) of male rats with T2D.
methodRats were divided into four groups (n = 7): Control, Control+Nitrate (C + N), T2D and T2D + Nitrate (T2D + N). T2D was induced using a high-fat diet followed by a low dose of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg). Nitrate (100 mg/L in drinking water) was administered for 6 months to the nitrate-treated groups. Liver, SM and eAT were isolated, and tissue levels of catalase (CAT), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) metabolites (NOx) were measured at the end of the study.
resultsIn the liver, nitrate increased CAT (216%, p < 0.001) and restored reduced TAC and GSH to normal values in rats with T2D. In the SM, nitrate decreased MDA (28%, p = 0.041) and restored reduced CAT to normal value in rats with T2D. In the eAT, nitrate increased CAT (72%, p = 0.046) and TAC (223%, p = 0.018) in rats with T2D. In addition, nitrate-treated T2D rats had lower MDA (21.6%, p = 0.098) in the liver as well as higher TAC (104%, p = 0.064) in the SM and GSH (163%, p = 0.055) in the eAT; however, these changes were only marginally significant. Positive correlations were observed between NOx and CAT (p < 0.05 in SM and eAT), TAC (p < 0.05 in eAT) and GSH (p < 0.05 in liver, SM and eAT); furthermore, a marginally significant negative correlation was observed between NOx and MDA (p = 0.082 in liver and SM, p = 0.088 in eAT).
conclusionLong-term nitrate administration at low doses has a protective effect against oxidative stress in the liver, SM and eAT of rats with T2D.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.