Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41749276›Full record

ArticleClinical epigenetics2026

Interplay of the nasal microbiome and epigenome among adolescents.

Anne K Bozack, Javier Perez-Garcia, Sheryl Rifas-Shiman, Yanjiao Zhou, Joanne Sordillo, Jenny Jyoung Lee, Brent Coull, Peggy S Lai, Emily Oken, Marie-France Hivert and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical epigenetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Anne K BozackDivision of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Javier Perez-GarciaDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Sheryl Rifas-ShimanDivision of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
Yanjiao ZhouDepartment of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA.
Joanne SordilloVA Boston Healthcare Center, Boston, MA, USA.
Jenny Jyoung LeeDivision of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Brent CoullDepartment of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Peggy S LaiDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Emily OkenDivision of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
Marie-France HivertDivision of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
Diane R GoldDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Andres CardenasDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. andres.cardenas@stanford.edu.

Funding

Translational Research Support CoreP30ES000002 · NIEHS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI Brent Andrew Coull · 1985 to 2026
$44.6M
Common and distinct early environmental influences on cardiometabolic and respiratory health: Mechanisms and methodsUH3OD023286 · OD · HARVARD PILGRIM HEALTH CARE, INC. · PI OKEN, EMILY · 2018 to 2022
$11.7M
PRENATAL AND POSTNATAL EXPOSURE TO ENVIRONMENTAL MIXTURES: NEURODEVELOPMENT AND DNA METHYLATION BIOMARKERSR01ES031259 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI CARDENAS, ANDRES · 2020 to 2024
$1.9M
Epigenetic and genetic regulation of arsenic methylation and arsenic-relatedcardiovascular disease riskK99ES035109 · NIEHS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BOZACK, ANNE KRISTINA · 2024 to 2025
$252k
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development R01HD034568NIEHS NIH HHS K99ES035109NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES000002NIEHS NIH HHS P30ES000002NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES031259NIEHS NIH HHS R01ES031259NIH Office of the Director UH3OD023286
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe respiratory microbiome, including that of the nasal cavity, is involved in host defense and airway pathophysiology. Interactions of the microbiome with the host immune system may impact health and disease susceptibility through changes in the epigenome. In this study, we aimed to analyze cross-sectional associations of nasal microbiome composition and the nasal epigenome among adolescents in the Project Viva cohort (N = 372, mean age: 13.0 years). We collected nasal swabs from anterior nares, profiled the microbiome by 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, and grouped samples into 6 clusters using partitioning around medoids. Nasal cell DNA methylation was measured with the Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip. In an epigenome-wide association study, we tested for associations of microbiome cluster assignment and DNA methylation using robust linear models adjusting sociodemographics, season, batch, and surrogates of cell type composition. Among significant loci, we conducted differential abundance analysis to identify individual bacterial genera associated with DNA methylation levels.

resultsA total of 45 loci had differential methylation between two or more microbiome clusters (p

conclusionsOur findings support the hypothesis that the nasal microbiome is associated with small-to-modest variation in the nasal epigenome. Future research is needed to investigate how the relationship between the nasal microbiome and epigenome is impacted by environmental exposures, as well as the health effects of microbial and epigenetic variation in early life and across the life course.

Indexed as

DNA MethylationEpigenomeMicrobiotaNasal CavityAdolescentCohort StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesEpigenesis, GeneticEpigenomicsFemaleGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansMaleRNA, Ribosomal, 16SRNA, Ribosomal, 16SEpigenetic agingMulti-omicsNasal DNA methylationNasal microbiomeRespiratory microbiome

Identifiers

PMID41749276
PMCPMC13202811

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.