Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41749332›Full record

ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2026

FBR-NDs: a ferroptosis-inducing nanocomplex for targeted breast cancer therapy via immune modulation and redox-responsive drug delivery.

Jinjin Chen, Liang Ma, Ming Yin, Jian Sun, Yunhao Sun

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jinjin ChenDepartment of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Liang MaDepartment of Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Ming YinDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Binhai County People's Hospital, Binhai, 224500, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Jian SunDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Yunhao SunDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China. sunyunhao606@163.com.

Funding

Basic research project of Yancheng Science and Technology Bureau YCBK2023035Scientific research project of Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission Z2022062; Z2023008
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe aim of this study was to develop and characterize a novel ferroptosis-inducing nanocomplex, FBR-NDs (Fe³⁺-BMS-1-R848 Nanodrugs), and to evaluate its anti-tumor effects in breast cancer cells through induction of ferroptosis and modulation of immune responses.

methodsFBR-NDs were synthesized by nanoprecipitation, followed by characterization using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy to confirm their structure and composition. Drug loading, release, and redox-responsive properties were assessed using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and the drug release profile was evaluated under acidic pH and glutathione (GSH) conditions. In vitro growth inhibition of breast cancer cells (BT549 and MDA-MB-231) was assessed by cell viability, colony formation, and apoptosis assays. Ferroptosis was evaluated by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial morphology via electron microscopy, and expression of ferroptosis-related markers. In vivo anti-tumor efficacy was assessed in a 4T1 breast cancer mouse model, and immune responses were evaluated by flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

resultsFBR-NDs demonstrated high drug loading efficiency and exhibited redox-responsive release behavior under acidic pH and GSH conditions. In vitro, FBR-NDs significantly inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation and induced ferroptosis, as evidenced by elevated ROS levels, lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial damage. In vivo, FBR-NDs significantly reduced tumor growth, enhanced apoptosis, and induced ferroptosis in tumor tissues. Additionally, FBR-NDs treatment increased the infiltration of immune cells, including dendritic cells (DCs) and M1 macrophages, and promoted T-cell activation. Immunogenic cell death was observed, as evidenced by increased levels of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and calreticulin in tumor tissues.

conclusionFBR-NDs are a promising therapeutic strategy for breast cancer, combining ferroptosis induction with immune modulation. The ability to induce ferroptosis, enhance immune responses, and promote anti-tumor immunity makes FBR-NDs a potential candidate for cancer immunotherapy.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsBreast NeoplasmsDrug Delivery SystemsFerroptosisImmunomodulationNanoparticlesAnimalsApoptosisCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationCell SurvivalFemaleHumansMDA-MB-231 CellsMiceOxidation-ReductionAntineoplastic AgentsReactive Oxygen SpeciesDCsFBR-NDsFerroptosisT cellsTNBC

Identifiers

PMID41749332
PMCPMC13041440

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.