Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41749591›Full record

ReviewChildren (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Early Detection of Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: The Expanding Role of Screening.

Marco Calderone, Sara Aramnejad, Elèna Giliberto, Bruno Bombaci, Mariarosaria La Rocca, Arianna Torre, Fortunato Lombardo, Giuseppina Salzano, Stefano Passanisi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Children (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Pathogenesis: Mechanisms, Early Diagnostic Strategies, and Emerging Therapeutic Approaches.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Marco CalderoneDepartment of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "G. Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.
Sara AramnejadDepartment of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "G. Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.
Elèna GilibertoDepartment of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "G. Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.
Bruno BombaciDepartment of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "G. Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-8664-1025
Mariarosaria La RoccaDepartment of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "G. Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.
Arianna TorreDepartment of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "G. Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.
Fortunato LombardoDepartment of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "G. Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.
Giuseppina SalzanoDepartment of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "G. Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.
Stefano PassanisiDepartment of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "G. Barresi", University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4369-7798

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a common chronic autoimmune disease in childhood, often presenting abruptly and frequently complicated by diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis. T1D develops through well-defined presymptomatic stages characterized by islet autoimmunity and progressive dysglycemia, offering a window for early identification. This narrative review summarizes current evidence on screening for T1D in children and adolescents, focusing on target populations, screening strategies, and methodological approaches for autoantibody detection. Data from major international programs involving familial, high-risk, and general population screening are discussed, highlighting their impact on reducing diabetic ketoacidosis at onset, improving metabolic outcomes, and facilitating structured follow-up and family education. Advances in assay technologies, including electrochemiluminescence, multiplex platforms, and novel ultrasensitive methods, have enhanced the feasibility and accuracy of large-scale screening. The review also examines the public health implications, cost-effectiveness, and ethical considerations of implementing population-based screening, particularly in light of emerging disease-modifying therapies such as teplizumab. Overall, available evidence supports screening as a meaningful strategy to shift T1D diagnosis from an acute emergency to a predictable clinical trajectory, with potential benefits extending from individual patient outcomes to healthcare system sustainability.

Indexed as

antibodiesautoimmunitychildrenHLApopulationprevention

Identifiers

PMID41749591
PMCPMC12939036

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.