ArticleCancers2026
Personalized Combination Therapy in Bladder Cancer: cAMP Modulators Synergize with 5-FU and Modulate Redox Programs.
Article in Cancers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Repurposed cAMP-Modulating Agents Enhance 5-Fluorouracil Response Through Membrane-Dependent Mechanisms.Membranes · 2026Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesRepurposed cAMP-elevating agents may personalize fluoropyrimidine therapy by exploiting pathway-specific vulnerabilities.
methodsWe tested the PDE3 inhibitor milrinone and the β2-agonist terbutaline alone or combined with 10 μM 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in UM-UC-5 (bladder), A549 (lung), and PC-3 (prostate) cells. Viability, migration, clonogenicity, and intracellular ROS (DCFDA) were measured; drug interactions used Chou-Talalay/CompuSyn.
resultsIn UM-UC-5, both agents reduced viability, migration, and clonogenicity and synergized with 5-FU (CI < 1 across Fa ≈ 0.42-0.57). 5-FU increased ROS, whereas terbutaline consistently lowered ROS below baseline and blunted 5-FU-induced oxidative signals; milrinone showed a dose-dependent redox profile without consistent ROS suppression. A549 combinations did not outperform 5-FU; PC-3 was largely unresponsive.
conclusionscAMP modulators selectively potentiate 5-FU in bladder cancer cells and modulate redox programs (notably with terbutaline), supporting a biomarker-guided combination strategy (e.g., β2-AR/PDE3/PI3K-Akt features) for personalized therapy in bladder cancer; mechanistic and in vivo validation are warranted.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.