Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41749885›Full record

ArticleCancers2026

A pH-Sensitive Sprayable Fluorescent Probe Enables Accurate Visualization of Thyroid Cancer Margins for Fluorescence-Guided Surgery in Orthotopic Mouse Models.

Hyungju Kwon, Javier Bravo, Ting-Chun Kuo, Blackberrie Eddins, Siamak Amirfakhri, Jasmin Zaker, Keita Kobayashi, Shinya Yokomizo, Homan Kang, Grace Lin and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cancers, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Hyungju KwonDepartment of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92092, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4979-8749
Javier BravoDepartment of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92092, USA.
Ting-Chun KuoDepartment of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92092, USA.
Blackberrie EddinsDepartment of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92092, USA.
Siamak AmirfakhriDepartment of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92092, USA.
Jasmin ZakerDepartment of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92092, USA.
Keita KobayashiDepartment of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92092, USA.ORCID 0009-0004-9177-2352
Shinya YokomizoCenter for Inflammation Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Homan KangCenter for Inflammation Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0732-9779
Grace LinDepartment of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92092, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8018-5604
Md ShamimDepartment of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA.
Hak Soo ChoiGordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7982-6483
Robert M HoffmanDepartment of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92092, USA.
Satoshi KashiwagiCenter for Inflammation Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8910-3257
Maged HenaryDepartment of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6475-0156
Michael BouvetDepartment of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92092, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0086-2159

Funding

Targeting parathyroid glands with novel fluorophores for intraoperative imagingR01CA280968 · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · 2025 to 2025
$699k
UCSD Cancer Center Training Program in Drug DevelopmentT32CA121938 · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · 2025 to 2025
$511k
NCI NIH HHS R01CA280968NCI NIH HHS T32 CA121938
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Positive surgical margins (PSMs) are a major predictor of recurrence in thyroid cancer; however, their intraoperative detection remains challenging, particularly for microscopic PSMs. This study aimed to demonstrate that a sprayable pH-sensitive near-infrared fluorescent probe (PH10) could specifically and robustly label thyroid tumors in orthotopic mouse models. The pH sensitivity, cytotoxicity, and cellular uptake mechanisms of PH10 were evaluated in papillary thyroid carcinoma (K1) and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (8505C) cell lines in vitro. Orthotopic thyroid cancer mouse models were then established using both K1 and 8505C cells. In vivo fluorescence following topical spraying of PH10 was quantified after sequential washes to assess tumor-to-background ratios. Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) was performed to determine whether PH10 could facilitate complete resection of orthotopically grown thyroid tumors. Complete resection was validated by hematoxylin and eosin histology. PH10 demonstrated low cytotoxicity at clinically relevant concentrations in vitro and showed selective uptake into thyroid cancer cells, predominantly via organic anion transporting polypeptide-mediated transport. Topical spraying of PH10 in orthotopic thyroid cancer mouse models established from K1 and 8505C cell lines generated strong tumor-specific fluorescence. Tumor-to-background ratios were significantly higher than background and remained distinguishable after multiple washes. In both models, PH10 enabled visualization of macroscopic residual tumors and detection of microscopic PSMs, with fluorescence patterns closely corresponding to histologic findings. FGS enabled complete tumor resection, as confirmed by fluorescence and histology. In conclusion, topical application of PH10 provides rapid, tumor-specific fluorescence suitable for identifying PSMs and facilitating complete tumor resection by FGS in thyroid cancer.

Indexed as

fluorescence-guided surgerynear-infrared imagingorthotopic mouse modelthyroid carcinomatumor margin detection

Identifiers

PMID41749885
PMCPMC12938921

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.