ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Spirulina Peptides Suppress UVB-Induced Skin Hyperpigmentation via Integrated Modulation of Melanogenesis and Inflammatory Pathways.
Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundHyperpigmentation disorders lack effective therapies due to efficacy and safety limitations.
methodsSPs (<1 kDa, 3-6 amino acids) were isolated and assessed for tyrosinase inhibition, antioxidant, and anti-glycation activities. In vitro effects were tested in B16F10 cells; transcriptomic profiling used RNA sequencing. In vivo efficacy was evaluated in UVB-induced hyperpigmentation mouse models.
resultsSPs exhibited mixed-type kinetic inhibition of tyrosinase along with strong antioxidant and anti-glycation activities. In vitro, SP suppressed melanin synthesis by directly inhibiting tyrosinase, downregulating the cAMP/PKA/CREB cascade, and activating the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathway, resulting in reduced MITF and tyrosinase expression. Transcriptomic analysis revealed broad regulation of melanogenesis and inflammatory pathways. In vivo, topical SP treatment significantly reduced UVB-induced hyperpigmentation and skin inflammation, correlating with decreased CREB phosphorylation and tyrosinase expression.
conclusionsSP acts as a dual anti-melanogenic/anti-inflammatory agent through enzyme inhibition and signaling modulation, offering a novel therapeutic strategy for inflammation-associated hyperpigmentation.
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