Evidence mapPaperPMID 41752161Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

Bootstrap-Augmented Analysis of Non-Linear Associations Between Glucose, hsCRP, and First Myocardial Infarction in a Cardiovascular Population.

Joanna Kostanek, Kamil Karolczak, Wiktor Kuliczkowski, Cezary Watala

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Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Joanna KostanekDepartment of Haemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-7979-9641
Kamil KarolczakDepartment of Haemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-5866-7244
Wiktor KuliczkowskiInstitute for Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, 213 Borowska Street, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
Cezary WatalaDepartment of Haemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92-215 Lodz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-5627-7872

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Myocardial infarction (MI) remains one of the most severe acute cardiac events, despite significant progress in diagnostics and therapy. Early identification of patients at risk within the broader cardiovascular disease (CVD) population is crucial for prevention and management. This study aimed to characterize the nonlinear distributions of glucose and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in patients experiencing their first MI compared with individuals hospitalized for other CVD conditions, using a bootstrap-augmented analytical approach. This retrospective study included 743 adults with confirmed CVD. Biochemical variables, including lipid profile, glucose, hsCRP, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), were analyzed in relation to the occurrence of MI. Statistical analyses were supported by bootstrap-based validation to ensure the robustness of findings. Among the examined variables, serum glucose and hsCRP levels showed the strongest ability in discriminating MI(+) and MI(-) groups. Both variables exhibited complex, non-linear associations with the occurrence of MI, with the most pronounced differences observed in the lower and intermediate quartiles. Bootstrap-supported analyses confirmed the stability of these effects. In CVD patients, both blood glucose and hsCRP levels display non-linear relationships with the first occurrence of MI. The strongest distinctions between MI(+) and MI(-) groups were found at moderate concentrations of these variables, emphasizing the need for cautious interpretation and highlighting their role in characterizing biochemical patterns in MI(+) and MI(-) patients.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseCardiovascular DiseasesC-Reactive ProteinMyocardial InfarctionAgedBiomarkersFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsBiomarkersBlood GlucoseC-Reactive Proteinblood biochemistrybootstrapcardiovascular diseasesmyocardial infarctionresampling proceduresretrospective study

Identifiers

PMID41752161
PMCPMC12941044

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.