ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Baseline β-Cell Secretory Reserve and Its Association with Glycaemic Control and Long-Term Outcomes Across Diabetes Phenotypes.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Residual β-cell secretory function plays a central role in diabetes pathophysiology; however, long-term comparative data describing β-cell trajectories from diagnosis across diabetes phenotypes remain limited. In this prospective observational study, 393 adults with newly diagnosed diabetes underwent assessment of fasting and glucagon-stimulated C-peptide at diagnosis. The cohort included individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), encompassing both classical adult-onset autoimmune diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), as well as individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A subgroup of 89 participants underwent follow-up visit after a mean of seven years. Glucagon stimulation testing was not repeated at follow-up in patients with T1DM and LADA for clinical and safety reasons; therefore, longitudinal analyses in these groups are based on fasting C-peptide measurements. At diagnosis, fasting and glucagon-stimulated C-peptide concentrations differed markedly between phenotypes (median fasting C-peptide: 0.87 ng/mL in T1DM, 1.53 ng/mL in LADA, and 2.64 ng/mL in T2DM; stimulated C-peptide: 1.35, 1.86, and 4.60 ng/mL, respectively; all
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