ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Approaches to Authenticating Products Containing Red Yeast Rice Extract (Monacolin K).
Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Red yeast rice (RYR) food supplements are widely used for cholesterol management owing to their content of monacolin K (MK), which, in its lactone form, is chemically identical to the prescription statin lovastatin. Despite their popularity, RYR products raise significant quality and safety concerns related to pronounced variability in MK content, frequent labeling non-compliance, contaminations with undeclared pharmaceutical statins, etc. The analytical differentiation between naturally produced MK and added synthetic lovastatin remains particularly challenging due to their identical chemical structures. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the chemical composition of RYR, with emphasis on monacolins, pigments, and relevant secondary metabolites, and critically summarizes current regulatory, safety, and quality issues associated with RYR-based food supplements. Furthermore, a practical, multi-level analytical strategy for product authentication is proposed. The approach integrates targeted quantification of MK and accompanying monacolins, identification of characteristic
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