ArticleNutrients2026
Associations Between Restrained, Emotional, and External Eating Behaviors and Obesity Among Saudi Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Growth, development, and health status of primary school students in Binzhou city: an analysis based on health examination data for 6-12-Year-olds.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimObesity has reached alarming levels globally and across the Middle East. In Saudi Arabia, approximately one-third of Saudi adults have obesity, representing a major public health concern. Understanding behavioral factors underlying obesity is essential; therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between eating styles and obesity indicators among Saudi adults and to examine gender differences in these associations.
methodsThis cross-sectional study included 997 adult (405 males and 592 females) aged ≥ 18 years residing in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric measures, health status. Eating behaviors were assessed using the validated Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ), which measures restrained, emotional, and external eating styles. Regression models were used to examine gender differences in mean eating style scores and to assess associations between eating styles, categorical BMI, and body fatness.
resultsThe mean age of participants was 37.05 ± 13.39 years. Significant gender differences were observed in BMI, body fatness, and physical activity levels. Females demonstrated higher restrained eating scores compared with males (β = -0.14; 95% CI: -0.24, -0.04;
conclusionsBMI status appears to be associated with specific eating styles, particularly unhealthy eating behaviors. These findings highlight the importance of behavioral-focused nutritional interventions that support eating regulation rather than emphasizing weight loss alone.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.