Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41758141›Full record

ArticlePacific Symposium on Biocomputing. Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing2026

Quantifying surprise in clinical care: Detecting highly informative events in electronic health records with foundation models.

Michael C Burkhart, Bashar Ramadan, Luke Solo, William F Parker, Brett K Beaulieu-Jones

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing. Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Michael C BurkhartDepartment of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA, burkh4rt@uchicago.edu.
Bashar RamadanDepartment of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA, basharramadan@uchicago.edu.
Luke SoloDepartment of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA, lsolo@uchicago.edu.
William F ParkerDepartment of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA, wparker@uchicago.edu.
Brett K Beaulieu-JonesDepartment of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA, beaulieujones@uchicago.edu.

Funding

Characterizing Population Differences between Clinical Trial and Real World PopulationsR00NS114850 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI BEAULIEU-JONES, BRETT K · 2023 to 2025
$740k
NINDS NIH HHS R00 NS114850
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We present a foundation model-derived method to identify highly informative tokens and events in electronic health records. Our approach considers incoming data for the entire context of a patient's hospitalization to find surprising events. Context enables flagging anomalous events that rule-based approaches would consider within a normal range. We demonstrate that the events our model flags are significantly more useful than average events for predicting downstream patient outcomes and show that a fraction of events we identify as unsurprising can be safely dropped without an adverse impact on performance. Finally, we show how informativeness can help interpret the predictions of prognostic models trained on foundation model-derived representations.

Indexed as

Electronic Health RecordsAlgorithmsComputational BiologyHospitalizationHumansPrognosis

Identifiers

PMID41758141
PMCPMC12952670

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.