Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41758771›Full record

ArticleDermatology (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Global Pain Management Trends and Barriers to Care in Hidradenitis Suppurativa.

Leandra A Barnes, Fatuma-Ayaan B Rinderknecht, Lauren A V Orenstein, Haley B Naik

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Leandra A BarnesDepartment of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA.
Fatuma-Ayaan B RinderknechtDepartment of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Lauren A V OrensteinDepartment of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Haley B NaikDepartment of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA, haley.naik@ucsf.edu.

Funding

CTSA K12 Program at StanfordK12TR004930 · NCATS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI STEVEN M. ASCH, Eleni Linos · 2024 to 2026
$4.2M
Pain in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Phenotypes and Stakeholder PerspectivesK23AR080245 · NIAMS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Lauren Anne Vigil Orenstein · 2022 to 2026
$895k
Microbial Shifts and Immune Dysregulation in Hidradenitis Suppurativa PathogenesisK23AR074531 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI NAIK, HALEY · 2019 to 2023
$887k
NCATS NIH HHS K12 TR004930NIAMS NIH HHS K23 AR074531NIAMS NIH HHS K23 AR080245
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPain is the most impactful symptom of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), and understanding its management practices can guide improvements in care. This study aimed to describe HS pain severity and associated factors, evaluate pain management practices, and identify barriers to pain management.

methodsA cross-sectional survey of self-identified adults with HS was conducted from June 13, 2021 to June 30, 2021. Participants were 18 years or older with a confirmed HS diagnosis by a medical provider or a validated questionnaire. Exposures include demographic, clinical factors. PRIMARY OUTCOMES: quality of life (QoL), assessed using the Skindex Mini (0-18 scale), and pain severity, measured via a numerical rating scale (NRS, 0-10). SECONDARY OUTCOMES: pain treatments used and barriers to care.

resultsA total of 890 eligible respondents resided in 5 countries. 96.9% self-identified as female, 74.0% White, 8.3% Black, 2.6% Asian, 5.3% Hispanic, 1.3% American Indian and Native Alaskan, and 7.1% mixed race. Moderate (NRS 4-6) and severe pain (NRS ≥7) were significantly associated with reduced QoL, with Skindex Mini scores that were higher for moderate (14.6; 95% CI: 14.0, 15.2) and severe pain (16.1; 95% CI: 15.4, 16.7) compared to mild pain on average (NRS ≤3, 10.8; 95% CI: 10.3, 11.3). Younger age, Asian race, difficulty accessing care, and severe disease were independently associated with higher pain (p ≤ 0.002 for all). Reported barriers to pain management included providers not asking about pain, poor provider knowledge, and perceived unwillingness to treat pain. A total of 38.4% of participants reported they had never received a prescription for pain medication. Pain prescriptions were most commonly received from primary care physicians (22.5%) or dermatologists (13.3%), with severe pain linked to increased use of opioids, tramadol, and antiepileptics to treat HS pain (p < 0.05 for all).

conclusionPain in HS is linked to lower QoL and barriers to management, emphasizing the need for evidence-based, patient-centered approaches to enhance pain care and address treatment gaps.

Indexed as

Health Services AccessibilityHidradenitis SuppurativaPain ManagementAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPainPain MeasurementQuality of LifeSeverity of Illness IndexUndertreatmentYoung AdultAccess to careAcne inversaBarriers to careHidradenitis suppurativaPain

Identifiers

PMID41758771
PMCPMC13344115

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.