Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41760012›Full record

ArticleMedicine2026

Association between the remnant cholesterol inflammatory index and gallstone disease: A cross-sectional analysis based on NHANES 2017 to 2020.

Yifan Shao, Xingliang Feng, Yiming Chen, Guoyang Zhang, Yu Liu, Hao Lu, Dong Xue, Yangyang Mei, Linya Yao, Qianfeng Zhuang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Yifan ShaoDepartment of Urology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Kunshan, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China.
Xingliang FengDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Yiming ChenDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Guoyang ZhangDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Yu LiuDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Hao LuDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Dong XueDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Yangyang MeiDepartment of Urology, Jiangyin People's Hospital, The Jiangyin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangyin, Jiangsu, China.
Linya YaoDepartment of Urology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Kunshan, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China.
Qianfeng ZhuangDepartment of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8368-4329

Funding

Changzhou Municipal Health Commission Major Projects ZD202332Changzhou Sci&Tech Program CJ20245011Youth Research Project Granted by Jiangyin Health Commission Q202401
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gallstone disease is a common gastrointestinal disorder influenced by lipid metabolism and systemic inflammation. The remnant cholesterol inflammatory index (RCII), derived from remnant cholesterol (RC) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, integrates both components, yet its relationship with gallstones remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between the RCII and gallstone disease in a nationally representative US population. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from 2120 adults in the 2017 to 2020 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Gallstone status was based on self-reported physician diagnosis. RC (mg/dL) was estimated using the following formula: RC = TC - (LDL-C + HDL-C). RCII was calculated as RC × hs-CRP/10. Multivariable logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed using a complex survey design. Among the participants, 240 reported a history of gallstone disease. In adjusted logistic regression models, each unit increase in log-transformed RCII was associated with a 95% higher odds of gallstone disease (odds ratio: 1.95; 95% confidence interval: 1.62-2.35; P < .0001). Compared with the lowest quartile of RCII, the highest quartile had a significantly increased risk (odds ratio: 4.48; 95% confidence interval: 2.67-7.52; P < .001), with a clear dose-response trend (P for trend < .001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that RCII had the highest area under the curve (0.696), with a sensitivity of 52.7% and specificity of 75.8% at the optimal cutoff point. Higher RCII levels are independently associated with gallstone disease. As an integrated marker of lipid-related inflammation, RCII may serve as a potential risk indicator for gallstone formation.

Indexed as

CholesterolGallstonesInflammationTriglyceridesAdultBiomarkersC-Reactive ProteinCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysRisk FactorsROC CurveBiomarkersCholesterolC-Reactive ProteinTriglyceridesgallstone diseaseinflammationlipid metabolismNHANESremnant cholesterol inflammatory index

Identifiers

PMID41760012
PMCPMC12956245

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.