ArticleMedicine2026
Association between the remnant cholesterol inflammatory index and gallstone disease: A cross-sectional analysis based on NHANES 2017 to 2020.
Article in Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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10 authors.
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Abstract
Gallstone disease is a common gastrointestinal disorder influenced by lipid metabolism and systemic inflammation. The remnant cholesterol inflammatory index (RCII), derived from remnant cholesterol (RC) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, integrates both components, yet its relationship with gallstones remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between the RCII and gallstone disease in a nationally representative US population. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from 2120 adults in the 2017 to 2020 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Gallstone status was based on self-reported physician diagnosis. RC (mg/dL) was estimated using the following formula: RC = TC - (LDL-C + HDL-C). RCII was calculated as RC × hs-CRP/10. Multivariable logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed using a complex survey design. Among the participants, 240 reported a history of gallstone disease. In adjusted logistic regression models, each unit increase in log-transformed RCII was associated with a 95% higher odds of gallstone disease (odds ratio: 1.95; 95% confidence interval: 1.62-2.35; P < .0001). Compared with the lowest quartile of RCII, the highest quartile had a significantly increased risk (odds ratio: 4.48; 95% confidence interval: 2.67-7.52; P < .001), with a clear dose-response trend (P for trend < .001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that RCII had the highest area under the curve (0.696), with a sensitivity of 52.7% and specificity of 75.8% at the optimal cutoff point. Higher RCII levels are independently associated with gallstone disease. As an integrated marker of lipid-related inflammation, RCII may serve as a potential risk indicator for gallstone formation.
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