Evidence mapPaperPMID 41760977Full record

ArticleGeroScience2026

A blood-based metabolomics study of cardiovascular diseases in Swedish twins reveals apolipoprotein B biology as important for myocardial infarction.

Asmus C Skovgaard, Jonathan K L Mak, Ida K Karlsson, Sara Hägg, Juulia Jylhävä, Mette Soerensen

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Article in GeroScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Asmus C SkovgaardDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-3527-8629
Jonathan K L MakDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4454-8580
Ida K KarlssonDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3605-7829
Sara HäggDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2452-1500
Juulia JylhäväDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0250-4491
Mette SoerensenThe Danish Twin Registry and the Research Unit for Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. msoerensen@health.sdu.dk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5268-3366

Funding

Vetenskapsrådet 2021-00180Vetenskapsrådet 2022-01608
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. Consequently, metabolomics studies have in recent years aimed at identifying relevant biomarkers, yet no studies have been performed in twin populations, which reduce confounding due to genetic and environmental factors. We included 11,217 twins (age at intake, 47-94 years (mean = 65)) from the Swedish Twin Registry, holding data on 173 nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomic biomarkers and nationwide register-based data on diagnoses of ischemic stroke, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, and coronary artery disease. Only incident cases (i.e., exclusively holding diagnosis after blood sampling) were included for statistical analyses, which were performed at the individual level and the twin-pair level by Cox regression analyses. Lastly, biomarkers significant in both analyses were inspected, hence conditioning on the twin pair design. Fifty-one biomarkers were found to be associated with myocardial infarction after correction for multiple testing, all showing a hazard ratio above 1. LASSO regression analysis of these biomarkers identified four biomarkers, all related to ApoB lipoprotein biology, potentially reflecting a pro-atherogenic effect. Investigation of biomarkers with p-values < 0.05 identified 20 biomarkers for ischemic heart disease, all showing hazard ratios below 1 and primarily related to ApoA1 lipoprotein biology, potentially reflecting an anti-atherogenic effect. Lastly, three biomarkers, i.e., acetoacetate, bOHbutyrate, and isoleucine, were found for ischemic stroke, all showing a hazard ratio above 1. Taken together, different biomarkers associated with the disease phenotypes indicate that their molecular profiles are different, despite their common basis. The ApoB stands out as a promising biomarker for myocardial infarction.

Indexed as

ApoB lipoproteinCardiovascular diseaseMetabolomicsMyocardial infarctionTwins

Identifiers

PMID41760977

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.