ArticleCell reports. Medicine2026
Valrubicin-loaded immunoliposomes targeting antigens on immunosuppressive cells to circumvent resistance to cancer immunotherapy.
Article in Cell reports. Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
We develop valrubicin-loaded immunoliposomes (Val-ILs), a nanoparticle-based therapy designed to target immunosuppressive cells that promote immune evasion in cancer. In vivo screening following intravenous administration in mice identifies nine relevant surface targets, including known immunoregulatory markers (LAG-3 and VEGFR2) and not-well-characterized candidates (CD11b, CD64, TIM1, CD200R3, CD204, CD49b, and SIGLEC-F). Within the tumor microenvironment, Val-ILs treatment broadly reduces the expression of these antigens on immunosuppressive populations, including tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, regulatory T cells, and T helper 17 cells, as well as on innate anti-tumor cells such as tumor-associated natural killer cells and tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells. Across four murine cancer models, two responsive (T and B lymphomas) and two resistant (orthotopic breast and lung cancers), Val-ILs decorated with antibodies against the nine targets significantly enhance anti-PD-1 efficacy. This combination boosts the presence of CD4
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