Evidence mapPaperPMID 41764437Full record

ArticleBMC primary care2026

Primary care receptionists influence migrant access to healthcare by acting as street-level bureaucrats: a scoping review.

Georgia Blackwell-Green, Max Cooper, Neil V Singh

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in BMC primary care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Georgia Blackwell-GreenEmergency Department, James Paget University Hospital, Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, NR31 6LA, UK.
Max CooperDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9PX, UK.
Neil V SinghDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, BSMS Teaching Building, University of Sussex, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 9PX, UK. n.singh2@bsms.ac.uk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundReceptionists in primary care play a pivotal, yet underexplored, role in shaping access to healthcare for migrants. This scoping review applies Lipsky’s theory of street-level bureaucracy to examine if and how frontline administrative staff influence migrant access to primary care and thence to further health services.

methodsA systematic search was done of seven literature databases, the archives of seven journals, and five websites, following guidance by the Joanna Briggs Institute for scoping reviews and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews. We synthesised 44 sources – including peer-reviewed studies, grey literature, and newspaper articles – focusing on migrant interactions with UK general practice receptionists.

resultsThematic analysis revealed three dominant themes: receptionists are under-prepared to manage linguistic minorities; receptionists feel like protectors of the system; and receptionists’ choices reflect a wider institutional ethos. Findings suggest that receptionists frequently exercise discretionary power to either obstruct, or more rarely facilitate, migrant access to care. Despite official guidance mandating universal access to primary care, migrants are often informally denied registration when they are eligible for care. Receptionists’ behaviours were deeply influenced by implicit biases, the absence of formal translation resources, and prioritising practice priorities over the clinical needs of patients. However, individual actions seem to be shaped by broader discourse and structural constraints.

conclusionThis review highlights how receptionists exercise personal discretion through which migrant health inequalities are reproduced at the point of access. We make concrete recommendations for changes to medical training and practice, based on our results.

Indexed as

Health Services AccessibilityPrimary Health CareTransients and MigrantsAccess to Primary CareHumansUnited Kingdom

Identifiers

PMID41764437
PMCPMC13064384

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.