Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41766906›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

The diagnostic and immunomodulatory role of IL-37 in pediatric sepsis.

Jin Ma, Yanling Zhang, Changrui Sun, Hao Yang, Zhixin Song, Feiqi Huang, Chunxiang Wu

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jin Ma *Department of Laboratory Medicine and Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Yanling Zhang *Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Changrui SunDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Hao YangDepartment of Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Zhixin SongDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Feiqi HuangDepartment of Pediatrics, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Chunxiang WuDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: Sepsis arises from a dysregulated host inflammatory response to infection. The levels and pathogenic role of interleukin-37 (IL-37) in pediatric sepsis remain to be fully elucidated. Methods: Serum IL-37 concentrations were measured in two independent cohorts of pediatric patients with sepsis from Chongqing (discovery cohort, n=40) and Sichuan (validation cohort, n=105). The immunomodulatory effects of IL-37 were systematically investigated through: 1) a murine sepsis model (cecal ligation and puncture), and 2) ex vivo experiments using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients under standardized culture conditions. Results: Admission serum IL-37 levels were significantly higher in pediatric patients with sepsis compared to non-septic patients and healthy controls. To assess its diagnostic potential, ROC curve analyses were performed, yielding areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.76 [P<0.0001; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.66 - 0.85] and 0.77 [P<0.0001; 95% CI, 0.71 - 0.84] from the two medical centers. In septic mice, therapeutic administration of recombinant IL-37 significantly attenuated systemic inflammation (reduced IL-6, CXCL-1, CCL-2; increased IL-10), decreased the proportion of M1 macrophages without altering total macrophage counts in peritoneal lavage fluids (PLF), and improved survival rates. Conclusion: This study identifies elevated IL-37 as a potential diagnostic biomarker for pediatric sepsis and demonstrates its role in modulating hyperinflammation and immune cell differentiation. IL-37 represents a promising therapeutic target for pediatric sepsis.

Indexed as

ImmunomodulationInterleukin-1SepsisAdolescentAnimalsBiomarkersChildChild, PreschoolDisease Models, AnimalFemaleHumansInfantLeukocytes, MononuclearMaleMiceBiomarkersIL37 protein, humanInterleukin-1diagnostic biomarkerimmunotherapyinterleukin-37macrophage cellspediatric sepsis

Identifiers

PMID41766906
PMCPMC12937001

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.