ArticleTobacco induced diseases2026
Evaluation of the relationship between insulin resistance and nicotine dependence: A cross-sectional study.
Article in Tobacco induced diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionThe mechanisms underlying the association between insulin resistance and nicotine dependence remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to examine the association between insulin resistance, assessed by the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, and nicotine dependence, measured by the Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND), among adult exclusive combustible cigarette smokers.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted between February and June 2025 in a tertiary care setting and included 169 adult exclusive combustible cigarette smokers aged 18-80 years. Individuals with diabetes mellitus or those receiving lipid-lowering therapy were excluded. Nicotine dependence was assessed using the Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND), and insulin resistance was estimated using the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index. Correlation analyses and multivariable linear regression were performed to examine factors associated with the TyG index.
resultsThe mean age of the participants was 40.23 ± 12.95 years, and 55.6% were male. The mean TyG index was 8.51 ± 0.56, and the mean FTND score was 4.86 ± 2.32. The TyG index showed positive correlations with FTND score (r=0.280; p<0.001), age (r=0.261; p=0.001), and pack-years (r=0.218; p=0.004), and was significantly higher in males than in females (p<0.001). In multivariable linear regression analysis, older age, male sex, and higher FTND scores were independently associated with higher TyG index values.
conclusionsThe findings suggest a potential association between nicotine dependence and insulin resistance among adult exclusive combustible cigarette smokers. Prospective studies are needed to clarify the direction and clinical significance of this association.
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