Evidence mapPaperPMID 41767506Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in medicine2026

Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of postoperative neurocognitive disorders: a systematic review.

Hong Li, Jing Xue, Zhiyong Gao, Li Xian, Jinlong Yuan, Jing He

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Hong Li *Department of Anesthesiology, No. 363 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Jing Xue *Department of Anesthesiology, No. 363 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Zhiyong Gao *Department of Anesthesiology, No. 363 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Li Xian *Department of Anesthesiology, No. 363 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Jinlong Yuan *Department of Anesthesiology, No. 363 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Jing He *Department of Nursing, No. 363 Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasingly recognized as an independent risk factor for perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND). The rising global incidence of DM, projected to affect over 783 million people by 2045, necessitates a deeper understanding of its implications for surgical outcomes. Methods: This review conducted a bibliometric analysis of 182 studies indexed in the Web of Science, focusing on the relationship between DM and PND. A systematic search was performed across multiple electronic databases, including PubMed and The Cochrane Library, to identify relevant articles published up to November 2024. Results: The analysis revealed that DM significantly increases the risk of PND, particularly POD, with studies indicating a 1.84-fold increased risk of POCD in diabetic patients. Key mechanisms identified include vascular brain injury, impaired glucose metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Notably, countries such as China, the USA, and Germany are leading research efforts in this area, highlighting a global interest in understanding these associations. Conclusion: Further research is needed to elucidate causal mechanisms between DM and PND. Enhanced understanding of these mechanisms may inform targeted interventions to mitigate the risk of cognitive decline in diabetic patients undergoing surgery, ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare burdens.

Indexed as

bibliometric analysisdiabetes mellitusdiabetic retinopathymetabolic disorderneurocognitive disorder

Identifiers

PMID41767506
PMCPMC12946032

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.