ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2026
Non-invasive wireless electroencephalographic recording of the sleep-wake cycle in freely moving reptiles, birds, and mammals: a novel methodology compatible with animal welfare.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Animal welfare is increasingly assessed through the "Five Domains" framework, where monitoring brain activity via electroencephalography (EEG) is essential for objectively evaluating sleep-wake cycles and neurological health. However, traditional EEG studies in animals often require invasive procedures, anesthesia, and movement restriction, which compromise both animal welfare and natural behavior. To overcome these limitations, we developed a miniaturized wireless EEG device (24.8 × 24.8 × 8.2 mm; 5.2 g) with Bluetooth transmission, surface electrodes, and biocompatible adhesives. This system allows 10-12 h of recording without restricting movement while remaining compatible with animal welfare standards. We validated the methodology in three amniote species representing major vertebrate classes: Aldabra giant tortoise (
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