Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41767694›Full record

ArticleKidney medicine2026

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Acute Kidney Injury Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.

Yu-Cheng Chiang, Dao-Fu Dai, Yi-Wen Chiu, Hugo Y-H Lin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Kidney medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Yu-Cheng ChiangDepartment of Medical Education, Cathay General Hospital, Taiwan.
Dao-Fu DaiDepartment of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Yi-Wen ChiuDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan.
Hugo Y-H LinDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rationale & Objective: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) provide cardiovascular and renal benefits in individuals with or without type 2 diabetes. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the risks of acute kidney injury and other adverse events (AEs) associated with SGLT2is across diverse populations. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Setting & Study Populations: Thirteen RCTs comprising 84,581 participants were included. The studies encompassed diverse populations, varying in diabetes status, presence of chronic kidney disease, and SGLT2i dosages. Selection Criteria for Studies: We included RCTs published through December 31, 2023, that evaluated the safety and efficacy of SGLT2is and reported renal and nonrenal adverse outcomes. Data Extraction: Two reviewers independently extracted data and resolved discrepancies by consensus, focusing on renal and nonrenal AEs and subgroup analyses. Analytical Approach: Random-effects meta-analysis was performed to estimate pooled relative risks or odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I Results: SGLT2is were associated with a 20% reduction in the risk of acute kidney injury (relative risk, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.74-0.87), with low between-study heterogeneity, supporting a consistent renoprotective effect. Among patients with chronic kidney disease, the risk of renal composite outcomes was also significantly reduced (odds ratio, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.62-0.79). However, treatment was associated with increased risks of genital infections ( Limitations: Variability in study design, definitions of AEs, and patient baseline characteristics may influence the findings. Conclusions: SGLT2is conferred substantial renoprotective benefits but increases the risk of certain nonrenal AEs. Tailored treatment and close monitoring are crucial to ensure safety and efficacy, especially in high-risk patients.

Indexed as

acute kidney injurychronic kidney diseasekidney failurerenal protectionSGLT2 inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID41767694
PMCPMC12937176

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.