Evidence mapPaperPMID 41770313Full record

ArticleApplied microbiology and biotechnology2026

S-equol producing bacteria: isolation and identification from Albino Wistar rat gut microbiota.

Megha Gangwar, Sanaa Ismael Abduljabbar, Jalaluddin Khan, Mohammad Sarwar Alam, Kahksha Ahmed, Sameena Naaz, Bibhu Prasad Panda

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Article in Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Megha Gangwar *Department of Food Technology, School of Interdisciplinary Sciences & Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8087-2789
Sanaa Ismael Abduljabbar *Microbial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory (MPBL), Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
Jalaluddin KhanMicrobial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory (MPBL), Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5146-4743
Mohammad Sarwar AlamDepartment of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
Kahksha AhmedDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, St. Andrews Institute of Technology & Management (SAITM), Gurugram, 122506, India.
Sameena NaazDepartment of Computer Science, School of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, SW15 5PH, UK. sameena.Naaz@roehampton.ac.uk.
Bibhu Prasad PandaMicrobial and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory (MPBL), Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India. bppanda@jamiahamdard.ac.in.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5110-2945

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The metabolism of soy isoflavones by gut microbiota is critical for the bioactivation and bioavailability of these compounds, particularly daidzein, which is further metabolized by gut bacteria to produce S-equol. S-equol, an exclusive gut bacterial metabolite, is associated with health benefits such as reduced blood pressure, cardiovascular disease prevention, and protection against hormone-related cancers due to its estrogen-mimicking structure and antioxidant properties. However, the limited availability of S-equol-producing bacteria has hindered its production and utilization. This study investigates the isolation and characterization of S-equol-producing microbes from albino Wistar rats and explores the impact of dietary interventions on S-equol production. Preliminary tests showed that both dietary groups excreted more S-equol in feces than urine, with rats on fermented soy feed showing higher S-equol levels due to the presence of daidzein, a precursor. In this study, we isolated four anaerobic S-equol-producing bacteria - MG1 (PX459562), MG2 (PX459563), MG3 (PX459564), and MG4 (PX459565) from the intestine and feces of albino Wistar rats. High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) confirmed the presence of S-equol, with concentrations ranging from 5.90 to 7.56 µg/g of fermented soybean across different strains. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolates belonged to the Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcaceae families, identifying MG1 as C. freundii strain ATCC 8090, MG2 as Escherichia fergusonii strain NBRC 102419, and both MG3 and MG4 as Enterococcus faecalis strain NBRC 100480. Our findings underscore the significant role of gut microbiota in metabolizing daidzein into S-equol, highlighting the potential for utilizing these bacterial strains in functional food development and therapeutic applications. While the pathogenic nature of E. fergusonii (MG2) precludes its therapeutic use, strains MG1, MG3, and MG4, which match common commensal bacteria, show promise for commercial S-equol production and may serve as valuable resources for further investigation and utilization in promoting health and preventing associated diseases. KEY POINTS: • Dietary intervention modulates gut microbiota in albino Wistar rats. • Soybean fermentation enables efficient conversion of daidzin to bioactive S-equol. • Novel S-equol-producing microbes were isolated and identified.

Indexed as

BacteriaEquolGastrointestinal MicrobiomeAnimalsFecesGlycine maxIntestinesIsoflavonesMalePhylogenyRatsRats, WistarRNA, Ribosomal, 16SdaidzeinEquolIsoflavonesRNA, Ribosomal, 16SDaidzeinEquolGut bacteriaSoy isoflavones

Identifiers

PMID41770313
PMCPMC12953384

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.