ArticleBMC nursing2026
Nursing-led childbirth preparedness sessions: enhancing self-efficacy and maternal outcomes among primiparous women.
Article in BMC nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrimiparous women commonly experience heightened anxiety and low childbirth self-efficacy, which may intensify pain, prolong labor, and increase obstetric interventions. Nurse-led childbirth preparedness may strengthen coping confidence and improve intrapartum outcomes.
aimTo examine the effect of nursing-led childbirth preparedness sessions on childbirth self-efficacy, anxiety, pain intensity, labor duration, and mode of delivery among primiparous women.
methodsA quasi-experimental post-test-only non-equivalent control group study was conducted at Kasr Al-Ainy University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. A purposive sample of 140 low-risk primiparous women was allocated to an intervention group (n = 70) and a control group (n = 70). The intervention comprised two structured nurse-led group sessions (≈45 minutes each) delivered at 32-34 weeks' gestation, a supportive Arabic booklet, and weekly follow-up phone calls. Outcomes were measured during labor using the Arabic Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory (ACSEI), the Anxiety Assessment Scale for Pregnant Women in Labor (AASPWL), and the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pain, with labor duration and mode of delivery extracted from clinical records. Group comparisons were performed using independent t-tests and chi-square tests.
resultsWomen who received the preparedness sessions demonstrated significantly higher total childbirth self-efficacy than controls (ACSEI: 226.07 ± 7.12 vs 200.25 ± 5.96; t = 23.27, p < 0.001). Anxiety levels differed significantly, with a higher proportion of low anxiety in the intervention group (51.4% vs 22.9%; χ
conclusionNursing-led childbirth preparedness sessions were associated with higher childbirth self-efficacy and lower anxiety and pain, as well as shorter labor duration and fewer cesarean births among primiparous women. Given the quasi-experimental design, results should be interpreted as associations and warrant confirmation in randomized multi-center studies.
trial registrationNot applicable (quasi-experimental, non-randomized study).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.