ArticleJournal of inflammation research2026
Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Coexisting Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Matched-Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of inflammation research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) may coexist with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet the clinical implications of this coexistence, including its prognostic impact, remain understudied. Methods: We performed a retrospective 1:1 matched cohort study of 132 patients (66 PTB-NSCLC cases and 66 NSCLC-only controls) diagnosed between 2017 and 2023. Cases and controls were matched on age (±5 years) and TNM stage. Kaplan-Meier analysis evaluated survival differences, with hazard ratios derived from Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: Between 2017 and 2023, patients with simultaneously diagnosed PTB and NSCLC (PTB-NSCLC) cases constituted approximately 4.7% of all diagnosed NSCLC patients. PTB-NSCLC patients exhibited higher erythrocyte sedimentation rates (p = 0.002) and lower serum albumin levels (p = 0.032) than controls. Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate was associated with poor survival in univariate analysis (p = 0.037), while a high modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) remained an independent predictor of adverse outcomes in multivariable analysis (HR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.12-5.84; p = 0.026). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with PTB-NSCLC coexistence had significantly worse overall survival compared to matched controls (median OS: 32 vs 72 months; HR: 2.879, 95% CI: 1.728-4.797; p < 0.001). Furthermore, in multivariable analysis, surgical intervention was associated with significantly improved survival (HR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.14-0.81; p = 0.015). Conclusion: PTB-NSCLC confers worse survival outcomes. The mGPS provides independent prognostic value, while surgical intervention was associated with a significant survival benefit, highlighting the importance of integrated management.
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