Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41774713›Full record

ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2026

Comparative GWAS using global and Indian Reference Panels reveals non-coding drivers of COVID-19 severity and mortality.

Aastha Kaushik, Ramakant Mohite, Ranjeet Maurya, Bansidhar Tarai, Sandeep Budhiraja, Uzma Shamim, Rajesh Pandey

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Aastha KaushikDivision of Infectious Disease Biology, INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi, India.
Ramakant MohiteDivision of Infectious Disease Biology, INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi, India.
Ranjeet MauryaDivision of Infectious Disease Biology, INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi, India.
Bansidhar TaraiMax Super Speciality Hospital (A Unit of Devki Devi Foundation), Max Healthcare, Delhi, India.
Sandeep BudhirajaMax Super Speciality Hospital (A Unit of Devki Devi Foundation), Max Healthcare, Delhi, India.
Uzma ShamimDivision of Infectious Disease Biology, INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi, India.
Rajesh PandeyDivision of Infectious Disease Biology, INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4404-8327

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

India remains underrepresented in global genomic studies. We hypothesized that population-specific genetic variants contribute to COVID-19 severity and outcomes, and that the choice of reference panel during imputation impacts Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) resolution. Integrating both global and indigenous reference panels may unravel unique and shared genetic associations that are otherwise missed during standard analyses. In this study, we aimed to perform a comparative GWAS using Indian population-specific (IndiGen) and global (1000 Genomes Project/1KGenomes) reference panels to identify potential genetic loci associated with the COVID-19 differential severity and mortality among the Indian patients. Genomic DNA was extracted and genotyped from the patients who were stratified based on the clinical data capturing COVID-19 symptoms and clinical outcomes. Quality control, liftover, phasing and imputation were performed on the genotypic data. GWAS was performed separately for the severity and mortality phenotypes. Significant loci were functionally annotated using Linkage Disequilibrium (LD) analysis, eQTL mapping, and gene annotation tools. Comparative GWAS with 1KGenomes and IndiGen panels revealed both shared and unique loci. 1KGenomes identified protective variants near MIR4432HG involved in endothelial stability, while IndiGen uncovered risk variants with rs10096505 (SFTPC/BMP1) linked to alveolar collapse and fibrotic remodelling. rs9547631 was common to both panels for mortality, whereas IndiGen-specific risk variants (rs78554880, rs112982286, rs111390553, and rs79900659) were associated with immune dysregulation. Functional annotation of these loci pointed to key biologically plausible links to COVID-19 severity and fatal outcomes. Briefly, the use of an indigenous reference panel improved variant discovery and LD resolution, highlighting that population-specific signals are missed by the generic global datasets. Our findings underscore the importance of inclusive genomic resources for accurate association mapping in the underrepresented populations.

Indexed as

COVID-19Genome-Wide Association StudyFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenotypeHumansIndiaLinkage DisequilibriumMaleMiddle AgedPolymorphism, Single NucleotideQuantitative Trait LociSARS-CoV-2Severity of Illness Index

Identifiers

PMID41774713
PMCPMC12956133

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.