Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41774788›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2026

Collectin-11 regulates osteoclastogenesis and bone maintenance via a complement-dependent mechanism.

Mark C Howard, Conrad A Farrar, Christopher L Nauser, Yusun Jeon, Anastasia Polycarpou, Dorota Smolarek, Roseanna Greenlaw, Martyn Foster, Peter Garred, Daniela A Vizitiu and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Mark C HowardMedical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0001-9779-5302
Conrad A FarrarMedical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0001-9627-9293
Christopher L NauserMedical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
Yusun JeonMedical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0001-5031-8656
Anastasia PolycarpouMedical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-1797-3787
Dorota SmolarekMedical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
Roseanna GreenlawMedical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
Martyn FosterExperimental Pathology Consultancy, Benfleet SS7 5JQ, United Kingdom.ORCID 0009-0002-9181-5047
Peter GarredConsultant Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology Section 7631, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N 2200, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-2876-8586
Daniela A VizitiuMedical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
Subhankar MukhopadhyayMedical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
Steven H SacksMedical Research Council Centre for Transplantation, Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0001-6361-9095

Funding

UKRI | Medical Research Council (MRC) MR/M012263/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The human developmental disorder 3MC syndrome (Malpuech, Michels, Mingarelli, and Carnevale) features skeletal deformities associated with a deficiency of the pattern recognition molecule collectin-11 (CL-11), yet the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms remain uncertain. Here, we demonstrate that CL-11 deletion alone does not produce skeletal abnormalities in mice; however, combined deficiencies of CL-11 with complement components MASP-2 (lectin pathway), complement factors B, or C3 (alternative pathway amplification) result in marked vertebral bone loss and spinal curvature by 12 wk of age. Ex vivo osteoclast (OCL) differentiation from bone marrow-derived cells of these double-knockout mice was profoundly impaired but was substantially restored by CL-11 supplementation. This dependence on CL-11 and complement was recapitulated in human OCLs derived from induced pluripotent stem cell lines. CL-11 and the membrane attack complex (C5b-9) colocalized to OCLs and their precursors in normal bone from embryonic development through to adulthood. Together, these findings identify CL-11 as a key regulator of osteoclastogenesis and bone homeostasis acting in concert with complement-mediated signaling, and they nominate CL-11 as a potential therapeutic target in conditions involving dysregulated osteoclast function and bone remodeling.

Indexed as

Bone and BonesCollectinsOsteoclastsOsteogenesisAnimalsCell DifferentiationComplement C3Complement Factor BHumansMannose-Binding Protein-Associated Serine ProteasesMiceMice, KnockoutCollectinsComplement C3Complement Factor BMannose-Binding Protein-Associated Serine Proteases3MCbone maintenanceCollectin-11complementosteoclast

Identifiers

PMID41774788
PMCPMC12974412

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.