Evidence mapPaperPMID 41775760Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

The differences in levels of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the hair of wild terrestrial mammals with various feeding behaviour.

Sławomir Gonkowski, Alice Menozzi, Antonio Petrini, Antonio Cocco, Maria Chiara Cantelmi, Szczepan Mikołajczyk, Krystyna Makowska, Carmine Merola

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sławomir GonkowskiDepartment of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
Alice MenozziIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Dell'Abruzzo E Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100, Teramo, Italy.
Antonio PetriniIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Dell'Abruzzo E Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100, Teramo, Italy.
Antonio CoccoIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Dell'Abruzzo E Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100, Teramo, Italy.
Maria Chiara CantelmiIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Dell'Abruzzo E Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100, Teramo, Italy.
Szczepan MikołajczykDepartment of Chemical Research of Food and Feed, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100, Puławy, Poland.
Krystyna MakowskaDepartment of Clinical Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 14, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland. krystyna.makowska@uwm.edu.pl.
Carmine MerolaDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100, Teramo, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent environmental pollutants found across various ecosystems. While human and domestic animal exposure to PFASs is well documented, data on wild terrestrial mammals remain scarce, particularly using hair sample analysis. This study aimed to assess the levels of selected 12 PFASs in the hair of different wild mammal species with varying feeding behaviours, using liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The mean concentrations (± SD) were observed for PFNA (0.309 ± 0.33 ng/g), PFOA (0.272 ± 0.52 ng/g),L-PFOS (0.154 ± 0.3 ng/g), PFBS (0.013 ± 0.04 ng/g), PFHxA (0.067 ± 0.06 ng/g), PFHpA (0.064 ± 0.1 ng/g), PFUnDA (0.088 ± 0.13 ng/g) and PFDoDA (0.083 ± 0.15 ng/g) while mean concentrations of PFHxS, B-PFOS, PFPeS and PFHpS were lower than limits of quantification (LOQ). The results also indicated that PFAS concentrations were generally higher in predatory species compared to herbivores (p < 0,05), likely due to biomagnification processes in food chains. This study supports the applicability of hair analysis as a non-invasive method for monitoring PFAS exposure in wild terrestrial mammals.

Indexed as

Animals, WildEnvironmental PollutantsFeeding BehaviorFluorocarbonsHairMammalsAnimalsChromatography, LiquidEnvironmental MonitoringTandem Mass SpectrometryEnvironmental PollutantsFluorocarbonsBiomonitoringHair analysisPoly- and perfluoroalkyl substancesWildlife

Identifiers

PMID41775760
PMCPMC13066004

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.