Evidence mapPaperPMID 41775940Full record

ArticleEating and weight disorders : EWD2026

GLP-1 is associated with perfectionism in Swedish women with anorexia nervosa, independent of BMI.

Sofia Elm, Suzanne Petersson, Martin Carlsson, Lars Brudin, Ina Marteinsdottir, Pär Wanby

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Article in Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Sofia ElmDepartment of Pediatrics, County of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden.
Suzanne PeterssonDepartment of Medicine and Optometry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
Martin CarlssonDepartment of Medicine and Optometry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
Lars BrudinDepartment of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden.
Ina MarteinsdottirDepartment of Medicine and Optometry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
Pär WanbyDepartment of Medicine and Optometry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden. par.wanby@regionkalmar.se.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8538-6800

Funding

ALF Grant, Region Östergötland, Sweden RÖ962390Department of Research, Region Kalmar County, Sweden 2715
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeBased on the presence of early satiety in anorexia nervosa (AN), which may delay recovery, and given the dramatic impact of GLP-1 and GIP analog treatment on satiety and weight reduction in obesity by diminishing the sensation of hunger, we initiated this cross-sectional pilot study to explore fasting incretin levels in AN and to identify possible correlations between these hormones and psychiatric symptoms.

methods17 female subjects aged 18-35 were enrolled; 10 previously diagnosed with AN (5 weight restored, 5 non-weight restored) and 7 healthy controls (HC). Fasting blood samples were analyzed for incretin levels using ELISA. Psychiatric symptoms were evaluated using self-assessment scales for eating disorders (EDI-3, EDE-Q), anxiety (STAI-S + T), depression (MADRS-S), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCI-R).

resultsSubjects with AN scored overall higher on psychiatric scales, indicating poorer psychological well-being than HC. In non-weight restored AN (non-WRAN) subjects both serum GLP-1 levels (29 (15-85) vs 16 (15-21) pg/mL; p = 0.048) as well as serum GIP levels (37 (14-163) vs 5 (2-58) pmol/L; p = 0.048) were elevated compared to HC. No differences were found in glucagon or PYY levels between groups. A strong correlation between serum GLP-1 levels and EDI-perfectionism independent of BMI (r = 0.768, p = 0.001) was found in the entire group.

conclusionsIndependent of BMI, GLP-1 levels were associated with perfectionism, a typical characteristic of AN. Fasting GLP-1 levels were elevated in subjects with non-WRAN. Elevated GLP-1 levels may perpetuate AN symptoms, emphasizing the need for further research into their role in the metabolic and psychiatric dimensions of AN. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed case-control analytic studies.

Indexed as

Anorexia NervosaGlucagon-Like Peptide 1PerfectionismAdolescentAdultBody Mass IndexCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGastric Inhibitory PolypeptideHumansPilot ProjectsSwedenYoung AdultGastric Inhibitory PolypeptideGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Anorexia nervosaGLP-1IncretinsPerfectionism

Identifiers

PMID41775940
PMCPMC13061841

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.