ArticleJournal of molecular histology2026
Dysosma versipellis is associated with cholestatic hepatotoxicity potentially involving FXR-SHP-CYP7A1/BSEP-MRP2 axis disruption: A multi-omics-driven mechanistic investigation based on the toxicological evidence chain (TEC) concept.
Article in Journal of molecular histology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Dysosma versipellis (DV), despite its broad-spectrum antitumor potential, faces clinical limitations due to cholestatic hepatotoxicity, prompting investigation into its mechanisms and environmental health implications. Using a toxicological evidence chain (TEC) approach in Sprague–Dawley rats administered 1.2 g/kg DV ethanol extract for 3 days, integrated analyses revealed characteristic cholestatic injury, including significantly reduced liver weight (P < 0.01), elevated serum biomarkers (ALT, AST, TBA; P < 0.01), and bile duct hyperplasia. Toxicokinetic profiling identified five hepatotoxic podophyllotoxin derivatives (podophyllotoxin, 4'-demethylpodophyllotoxin, α-peltatin, β-peltatin, deoxypodophyllotoxin), with podophyllotoxin showing the highest systemic exposure (AUC₀₋ₜ). Bile acid metabolomics demonstrated profound dysregulation, notably a 6.9-fold increase in taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA) and a 78% decrease in glycocholic acid (GCA). Transcriptomics and mechanistic validation (RT-qPCR/Western blot) revealed suppression of the hepatic Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR)-Small Heterodimer Partner (SHP) axis, driving cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) upregulation and concurrent downregulation of canalicular transporters bile salt export pump (BSEP) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2). These findings indicate that DV-induced cholestasis is mediated by podophyllotoxin derivatives through dual mechanisms: CYP7A1-driven bile acid overproduction via FXR-SHP inhibition and BSEP/MRP2-mediated excretion impairment, providing a molecular basis for detoxification strategies and environmental risk assessment of phytotoxin exposure.
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