Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41777685›Full record

ArticlePeerJ2026

The distribution of incidence rates of cardiovascular diseases in the elderly and the relationship between dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk.

Qi Yang, Juan Liu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PeerJ, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Qi YangDepartment of Medical Services, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, China.
Juan LiuDepartment of Science and Education, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) were leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. This study investigates the distribution of CVD incidence among older adults and examines the relationship between dietary patterns and associated risks. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted involving 2,568 patients aged 65 and older hospitalized between 2022 and 2024. Out of these, 298 patients were selected based on specific inclusion criteria for cardiovascular risk assessment using the China-PAR model. Participants were stratified into low-risk and high-risk groups for CVD based on a 5% threshold. Detailed dietary intake was assessed using the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) questionnaire, and blood samples were analyzed for biochemical markers. Statistical analyses including logistic regression were applied to examine dietary influences on CVD risk. Results: Ischemic heart disease was most prevalent (37.83%) among the elderly, with increased incidence in males. Higher intakes of fruits, vegetables, legumes, cereals, and fish correlated with reduced CVD risk. Conversely, consumptions of meat, edible oil, and alcohol were associated with heightened risk. The high-risk group exhibited poorer markers of cardiometabolic health and increased intake of energy, saturated fatty acids (SFA), and cholesterol. Metabolite analyses revealed elevated trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and secondary bile acids in high-risk individuals. Conclusion: Higher age and male gender were associated with increased CVD risk, exacerbated by specific dietary patterns. Diets rich in plant-based foods and low in animal products and alcohol effectively reduced CVD risk factors. These findings underscore the potential of dietary interventions to improve cardiovascular health in the elderly.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDietFeeding BehaviorAgedAged, 80 and overChinaFemaleHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansIncidenceMaleRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsCardiovascular diseaseDietary patternsElderlyIschemic heart diseaseMetabolic markersRisk factors

Identifiers

PMID41777685
PMCPMC12951887

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.