Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41780730›Full record

Trial reportThe American journal of clinical nutrition2026

Ultraprocessed foods consumption and risk of preeclampsia: a secondary analysis of the improving mothers for a better prenatal care trial Barcelona (IMPACT BCN) randomized clinical trial.

Alejandra Trejo-Domínguez, Leticia Benitez, Francesca Crovetto, Rosa Casas, Lina Youssef, Marta Larroya, Ana María Ruiz-León, Ayako Nakaki, Mariona Genero, Irene Casas and 11 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03166332 (Improving Mothers for a Better PrenAtal Care Trial Barcelona), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03166332 nacompletednot on this map

Improving Mothers for a Better PrenAtal Care Trial Barcelona

TypeinterventionalSponsorHospital Clinic of BarcelonaRan2017 to 2021Enrolled1,221ConditionsIntrauterine Growth Restriction, Fetal Growth RetardationArmsMediterranean diet, Mindfulness
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Alejandra Trejo-DomínguezBCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal and Fetal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Leticia BenitezBCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal and Fetal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
Francesca CrovettoBCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal and Fetal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Network in Maternal, Neonatal, Child and Developmental Health Research, RICORS-SAMID, RD24/0013/0004, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departament de Ciències Clíniques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: francesca.crovetto@sjd.es.
Rosa CasasCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address: rcasas1@recerca.clinic.cat.
Lina YoussefBCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal and Fetal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
Marta LarroyaBCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal and Fetal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Dexeus Mujer (Hospital Universitari Dexeus), Barcelona, Spain.
Ana María Ruiz-LeónCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Ayako NakakiBCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal and Fetal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
Mariona GeneroBCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal and Fetal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Network in Maternal, Neonatal, Child and Developmental Health Research, RICORS-SAMID, RD24/0013/0004, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Irene CasasBCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal and Fetal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
Rommy H NovoaBCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal and Fetal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Noelia EncaboBCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal and Fetal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Network in Maternal, Neonatal, Child and Developmental Health Research, RICORS-SAMID, RD24/0013/0004, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Michael RahmanCharles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Xiaosuo WangCharles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
John F O'SullivanCharles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; CardioMetabolic Medicine Laboratory, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Medicine, TU Dresden, Helmholtzstr, Dresden, Germany.
Narelle R HegartyANSTO, Lucas Heights, New South Wales, Australia.
Eduard VietaDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clinic, Neuroscience Institute, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Center for Biomedical Research on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain.
Eduard GratacósBCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal and Fetal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain.
Ramon EstruchCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Fàtima CrispiBCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal and Fetal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain.
Sara Castro-BarqueroBCNatal, Barcelona Center for Maternal and Fetal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain; Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPreeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific condition affecting 2%-8% of pregnant females and a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbimortality. High ultraprocessed food (UPF) consumption has been associated with the development of noncommunicable chronic diseases, but evidence on pregnancy outcomes is scarce.

objectivesTo study the association of maternal UPF consumption and the risk of preeclampsia.

methodsThis study is a secondary analysis of the IMPACT BCN, a randomized clinical trial including 1221 pregnant females at high risk for small for gestational age newborns, conducted in Barcelona, Spain. Among these, 812 participants with complete dietary data at 2 timepoints during pregnancy (between weeks 19-23 of gestation and weeks 34-36 of gestation) were included in this analysis and classified into tertiles of change in UPF consumption during pregnancy. Dietary UPF consumption was assessed using NOVA classification with a validated 151-item food frequency questionnaire. Preeclampsia was defined as high blood pressure plus targeted organ involvement. Analyses were performed using logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounding factors.

resultsAssociations between change of UFP consumption during pregnancy and overall preeclampsia were observed across tertiles [odds ratio (OR)

conclusionsIn a high-risk population, a higher change in dietary intake of UPF consumption from the second to third trimester of pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of preeclampsia. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03166332.

Indexed as

DietPre-EclampsiaPrenatal CareAdultFemaleFood, ProcessedHumansInfant, NewbornPregnancyRisk FactorsSecondary Data AnalysisSpainYoung AdultMediterranean dietpreeclampsiapregnancyprenatalultraprocessed foods

Identifiers

PMID41780730
PMCPMC13197901

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.