Evidence mapPaperPMID 41782349Full record

ArticleJournal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle2026

Distinct Proteomic Signatures Driving Progression of Sarcopenia: A Longitudinal Multicohort Study.

Sung Hye Kong, Ok Hee Jeon, Ji Yeon Kim, Miji Kim, Jinhee Kim, Seung Shin Park, Hak Chul Chang, Chang Won Won, Dohyun Han

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Sung Hye KongDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8791-0909
Ok Hee JeonDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Ji Yeon KimDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Miji KimDepartment of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Jinhee KimDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
Seung Shin ParkDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Hak Chul ChangDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Chang Won WonDepartment of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Dohyun HanDepartment of Transdisciplinary Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0841-1598

Funding

Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korean Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI)Korean Endocrine Society of Convergence Research Award 2023Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea HI15C3153National Institute of Health (NIH) 2024-ER0603-01National Research Foundation of Korea, Republic of Korea 2021R1A2C2003410National Research Foundation of Korea, Republic of Korea 2024-00340798National Research Foundation of Korea, Republic of Korea RS-2020-NR049540National Research Foundation of Korea, Republic of Korea RS-2023-00220894National Research Foundation of Korea, Republic of Korea RS-2024-00456173Seoul National University Bundang Hospital 18-2023-0003
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSarcopenia is an age-related condition characterized by progressive muscle mass, strength and physical performance declines, contributing to frailty and adverse health outcomes. Despite increasing interest in molecular biomarkers, longitudinal data with external validation are limited.

methodsThis study applied high-throughput proteomic analysis to identify and validate biomarkers associated with sarcopenia progression in two independent prospective cohorts. The discovery cohort (n = 171) was classified into three groups: (1) nonsarcopenic at both baseline and the 2-year follow-up; (2) newly developed sarcopenia; and (3) persistently sarcopenic. The validation cohort (n = 93) was followed up for 2 years. Plasma proteomic profiling was conducted using data-independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry. For the validation cohort, targeted quantification (Hyper Reaction Monitoring-DIA) and immunoassays were employed to verify key findings. Statistical analyses included multivariable regression and pathway enrichment analysis.

resultsIn the discovery cohort, 102 proteins were differentially expressed between groups (p < 0.05). Compared to the stable nonsarcopenic group, individuals who developed sarcopenia demonstrated significant APOA1 (fold change -1.42, p < 0.001) and KLKB1 downregulation and LECT2 upregulation. Those who remained sarcopenic exhibited persistent B2M (+1.58, p < 0.001), S100A9 and LYZ elevation. We identified seven robust protein signatures (LRG1, CST3, TIMP1, C2, ITIH1, AMBP and LYZ) that showed consistent significant associations with sarcopenia components in both cohorts. LRG1 and TIMP1, CST3 and C2 were reproducibly associated with muscle strength, physical performance and muscle mass, respectively. Pathway enrichment analyses consistently highlighted LXR/RXR signalling, acute phase response signalling and complement cascade activation as central mechanisms across these domains.

conclusionThis study identified and validated plasma protein signatures and pathways associated with sarcopenia progression. Complement activation, acute inflammatory response and lipid dysregulation emerged as central mechanisms. These robustly validated biomarkers may represent targets for early detection and intervention strategies in sarcopenia.

Indexed as

ProteomeProteomicsSarcopeniaAgedBiomarkersDisease ProgressionFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleBiomarkersProteomebiomarkercomplement cascadelipid metabolismproteomicssarcopenia

Identifiers

PMID41782349
PMCPMC12961230

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.