Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41783089›Full record

ReviewEClinicalMedicine2026

Tumor antigen only (TAO) vaccine platforms for glioblastoma therapeutics: a systematic review of evidence from clinical trials.

Hsien-Chung Chen, Eric T Wong, Sasmit Sarangi, Heinrich Elinzano, Nick A Kuburich, Sendurai A Mani, Rohaid Ali, Deus Cielo, Konstantina A Svokos, Prakash Sampath and 7 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in EClinicalMedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Hsien-Chung ChenDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Eric T WongDepartment of Neurology, Medicine, Neurosurgery & Radiation Oncology, Brown University Health & Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
Sasmit SarangiDepartment of Neurology, Medicine, Neurosurgery & Radiation Oncology, Brown University Health & Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
Heinrich ElinzanoDepartment of Neurology, Medicine, Neurosurgery & Radiation Oncology, Brown University Health & Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
Nick A KuburichDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
Sendurai A ManiDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
Rohaid AliDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Deus CieloDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Konstantina A SvokosDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Prakash SampathDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Athar N MalikDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Christine K LeeDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Curtis E DobersteinDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Sean E LawlerDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
Attila SeyhanDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
Wafik S El-DeiryDivision of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Brown University Health & Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
Clark C ChenDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glioblastoma is the most common form of primary brain tumor in adults, characterized by rapid progression and poor prognosis-despite the standard of care treatment including maximal safe resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Cancer vaccination has emerged as a promising strategy to harness the patient's immune system against glioblastoma. Cancer vaccination strategies can broadly be divided into cell-based or tumor antigen only (TAO), depending on whether they incorporate the use of viable immune cells. Here, we reviewed data from clinical trials that tested TAO cancer vaccination strategies for glioblastoma treatment, including personalized vaccines. Clinical safety and efficacy profiles for each vaccination strategy are summarized. Insights gained from these clinical trials are reviewed to identify opportunities for future therapeutic advancement.

Indexed as

Clinical trialsGlioblastomaTumor antigen only (TAO) cancer vaccine

Identifiers

PMID41783089
PMCPMC12955588

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.